4HQ-150型花生起拔收获机的设计与试验

摘要

[目的]针对经济作物花生人工收获劳动强度大、生产成本高等突出问题,设计了 4HQ-150 型花生起拔收获机.[方法]采用后悬挂式结构对该机进行设计,主要由挖掘装置、输送装置、集条装置等部分组成,配套动力为5 5 .2 kW拖拉机,对影响花生收获效率的各主要因素进行了正交试验研究.[结果]当机具前进速度为 3 km/h,挖掘深度为 125 mm,输送链轮转速为 90 r/min时,生产率为0.6 hm2/h,花生收获损失率为 2.7%.[结论]该机作业性能良好,节省了劳动力,提高了工作效率和收获质量,各项性能指标均符合花生收获机作业质量(NY/T 502-2016)检测标准,能够满足花生收获实际生产要求.%[Objective]In order to reduce the labor intensity and production cost of peanut,the 4HQ-150 peanut digging and harvesting machine was designed.[Method]The machine is composed of excavation de-vice,conveying device and collecting device.The suspension structure is utilized and the matching power is 55.2 kW tractor.The main factors affecting the harvesting efficiency were studied by orthogonal experi-ment.[Result]When the speed of the machine was 3 km/h,the excavation depth was 125 mm and the sprocket speed was 90 r/min,the harvesting capacity was 0.6 ha/hm2,and the yield loss rate of peanut was 2.7%.[Conclusion]The field test shown that the machine was reliable and can meet the peanut production requirement.And the labor force can be saved,the working efficiency and the harvest quality can be im-proved.All performance indexes reach the national quality standard (NY/T 502-2016).