高斯噪声背景下多用户波达方向估计与互耦自校正

摘要

在高斯噪声背景下，针对互耦条件下的均匀线阵(Uniform Linear Array, ULA)，该文提出了一种联合多用户波达方向(Direction Of Arrival, DOA)估计与互耦误差自校正算法。该算法首先利用特征矩阵联合相似对角化(Joint Approximative Diagonalization of Eigen matrix, JADE)方法估计出各用户广义空间特征矢量，然后定义了一个将各用户广义空间特征矢量转换为只与部分阵元相关的转换矩阵，进而在斜投影及前后向空间平滑的基础上，实现了多用户相干信源DOA估计，最后以多用户相干信源DOA及广义空间特征矢量估计值为基础，给出一种互耦自校正方法。仿真结果表明：该算法具有较高的 DOA 估计精度及 DOA 估计成功率，而且对高斯白噪声/色噪声背景，阵列互耦误差已知/未知情形，均具有普适性。%In the Gaussian noise background, an algorithm is proposed to jointly estimate the multiuser DOA and self-calibrate the mutual coupling error for Uniform Linear Array (ULA). First, the generalized spatial feature vector of each user is estimated by utilizing the Joint Approximative Diagonalization of Eigen (JADE) matrix method. Second a transformation matrix is defined, and based on which the generalized spatial feature vector is converted to the one which is related with part elements of the ULA. Then the multiuser coherent DOA estimates are obtained on the basis of the oblique projection and Forward and Backward Spatial Smoothing (FBSS) methods. Finally, a mutual coupling self-calibration method is presented by utilizing the estimates of the DOA and the generalized spatial feature vector of each user. The computer simulation indicates that the algorithm has higher performance of DOA estimation accuracy and successful rate. The simulation results also demonstrate that, the proposed algorithm is universal for the situations where the mutual coupling error is known or not with white or colored additive Gaussian noise.