湄公河流域洪旱灾害损失分析

摘要

Flood and drought disasters occur frequently in Mekong River basin owing to ocean climate and climate change.The Lancang-Mekong Cooperation and China-Asean Cooperation Mechanisms are the important content of the development of China's peripheral diplomacy. Based on the collected floods and droughts in Mekong River basin in recent years, the losses, causes and effects of flood and drought disasters are analyzed.The main conclusions are drawn as follows: The floods and droughts are the main disaster form in Mekong River basin, and the number of floods in 4 countries accounts for about 50％ of the total natural disasters. The effects of floods and droughts on the population, transportation, agriculture and economy of various countries in the basin are all significant. The climate change is the main cause of the flood and drought disasters in Mekong River basin.%受海洋气候及气候变化的影响, 湄公河流域洪旱灾害频发.澜湄合作及中国-东盟合作机制是我国发展周边外交的重要内容.搜集整理近几十年来湄公河流域洪旱灾害事件资料, 分析了流域洪旱灾害损失情况、成因及影响因素, 结果表明:洪旱灾害是湄公河流域的主要灾害形式, 流域4国洪水发生次数占总自然灾害次数的50％左右;洪旱灾害对流域各国的人口、交通、农业、经济等方面的影响均比较显著;气候变化是引起湄公河流域洪旱灾害的主要原因.