乌鲁木齐地区住院呼吸道感染患儿EB病毒感染的调查

摘要

Objective To analyze the infection rate and clinical features of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in children with respiratory tract infection in Uygur area. Methods EBV IgM antibodies in serum of 887 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, mycoplasma, chlamydia, adenovirus and syncytial virus were tested, too. The factors such as season of infection occurrence, gender, age and nationality of patients, and clinical features were analyzed. Results The infection rate of EBV was 33.48% through the year of 2010 in Uygur area. The infection mainly happened in spring and winter. The majority of infected children were younger than 7 years old. Infection rate of EBV was found no significant difference in gender and nationality (P > 0.05). The infection rate of EBV combined with mycoplasma was 14.48% (43/297) , combined with adenovirus was 10.77% (32/297), combined with syncytial virus was 9.43% (28/297) and combined with ehlamydia was 2.69% (8/297). The main clinical feature of infected children was fever. Conclusions EBV is one of the important pathogens in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Uygur area. Timely laboratory examination is helpful in diagnosis and treatment, and may shorten the course of disease and improve the cure rate.%目的 探讨乌鲁木齐地区住院呼吸道感染患儿EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)感染率和临床特征.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA),对2010年1月至12月收治住院的呼吸道感染患儿887例,进行血清EBV IgM抗体测定,调查EBV感染率；同时进行血清支原体、衣原体、腺病毒及合胞病毒IgM抗体检测；并对EBV感染的季节,感染患儿的性别、年龄、民族及临床表现进行分析.结果 2010年乌鲁木齐地区住院呼吸道感染患儿中,EBV感染率为33.48％(297/887)；EBV IgM抗体全年都有检出,冬春季为高峰期；EBV感染以≤7岁患儿为主；EBV感染在性别及民族间差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).EBV合并支原体感染为14.48％ (43/297),合并腺病毒感染为10.77％ (32/297),合并合胞病毒感染为9.43％ (28/297),合并衣原体感染为2.69％( 8/297).患儿感染EBV后多以发热为主.结论 EBV感染是乌鲁木齐地区住院呼吸道感染患儿的重要致病病原之一,及时针对EBV感染作相应的实验室检查,明确病原诊断,及时治疗,可以缩短病程,提高治愈率.