目的 监测南京地区儿童急性呼吸道副流感病毒感染的特征,了解副流感病毒流行情况,为临床诊治提供依据.方法 采集2009年3月至2012年2月住院的急性呼吸道感染患儿7830例鼻咽分泌物,用直接免疫荧光法检测呼吸道病毒,包括副流感病毒1、2及3型抗原(HPIV1、2、3)等.结果 7 830份标本中呼吸道病毒检出最高为呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV),达2 527例(占32.27％).副流感病毒病原检测阳性776例(总阳性率为9.91％),其中以副流感病毒3型为主,达504例,占副流感病毒检测阳性的64.95％；副流感病毒2型感染最少,仅44例占5.67％.副流感病毒检出率在婴儿组和幼儿组较高,分别为366例(46.86％)和249例(31.88％)；春季检出率最高；所致疾病中以支气管肺炎最为多见.结论 南京地区住院儿童副流感病毒感染以HPIV3为主,婴儿感染率较高,儿童HPIV1、HPIV3病毒感染好发于春夏季节,HPIV2散发感染.%Objective To study features of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) infection in children in Nanjing area. Methods The nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were obtained from 7830 children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) from March 2009 to February 2012. Seven common respiratory viruses, including HPIV1, 2and 3 type antigens were detected by direct immunofliuorescence assay (DFA) in nasopharyngeal secretion. Results In 7830 cases, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most common respiratory virus found in 2327 infection cases (32.27%). The positive detectim rate of parainfluenza was 9.91%, 776 cases. In parainfluenza infection, HPIV3 is the most common, accounted for 504 cases (64.95%) and HPIV2 only for 44 cases (5.67%). The infants less than 1 year old and 1 to 3 years old had higher detection rate of parainfluenza viruses (46.86% and 31.88%, respectively). The highest positive rate was observed in children in spring and bronchopneumonia had the highest detection rate of viral infection. Conclusions HPIV is the common viral pathogen of ARI in hospitalized children in Nanjing. Among the subtypes of HPIV, HPIV3 is the leading pathogen. The children less than 3 years old are susceptible to parainfluenza virus. The peak of HPIV3 infection occurs in spring and summer. The rate of HPIV2 infection is low and its epidemiologic features are still not definite.
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