消费者价格指数偏差：理论与测度方法

摘要

消费者价格指数（ CPI）是最重要的宏观经济指标之一，任何微小偏差都可能对经济决策产生巨大影响。 CPI偏差一般被定义为CPI与生活费用指数之间的差异， CPI偏差问题历来受到众多学者的高度关注。从来源上看， CPI偏差大致涉及六种类型：商品替代偏差、零售店替代偏差、质量变化偏差、新产品偏差、公式偏差和权重偏差。从测度方法上看， CPI偏差主要有直接测度和间接测度两种思路。CPI偏差理论和测度方法研究将为中国提高CPI数据质量和加强价格统计能力建设提供理论支持。%The consumer price index ( CPI) is one of the most important macroeconomic indicators .Any small bias of CPI may have great influence on the economic decision .Many economists are concerned about CPI bias and define it as the difference between the CPI and the cost of living index .The CPI bias usually includes the following six categories:commodity substitution bias ,outlet substitution bias ,quality change bias ,new goods bias ,formula bias and weighting bias .In statistics ,there are mainly two ways to measure the CPI bias:direct measurement methods and indirect measurement methods .The studies on the theory and measurement of CPI bias are useful to improve the quality of CPI data and strengthen the capacity building of price statistics .