不同垄作覆膜方式及氮、钾肥料配施对马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响

摘要

Field experiment was conducted to study effects of different ridge and mulching cultivation,nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined application on soil temperature,growth period,agronomic characteristics and yield of potato.The results showed that ridge and mulching cultivation raised the soil temperature.Soil temperature under white plastic mulching and 25 cm ridge increased faster than black film,and potato emergence earlier.The marketable tuber percentage and yield of potato were the highest when the height of white film ridge was 25 cm.Optimization of ratio of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer operation can effectively improve the agronomic characteristics and yield.Right amount increase of potassium application was beneficial to the marketable potato tuber percentage and yield at the base of enough nitrogen fertilizer application.The best conditions obtained from the preliminary tests for agronomic characters and their yield and quality of potatoes were nitrogen fertilizer at 13 kg/667 m2 and potassium at 37.5 kg/667 m2.%通过田间试验研究了不同垄作覆膜和氮、钾肥配施对马铃薯土壤温度、生育期、农艺性状及产量的影响.结果表明:垄作覆膜可提高土壤温度,其中白膜覆盖垄高25 cm栽培对地温的提升较黑膜快,有利于提早出苗.马铃薯商品薯率、产量均在白膜垄高25 cm时最高;优化氮、钾肥用量配比,能有效提高农艺性状及产量.在氮肥充足的情况下,适量增施钾肥有利于提高马铃薯商品薯率及产量,氮、钾肥用量为13 kg/667 m2、37.5 kg/667 m2时,综合经济性状和商品性好,产量最高.