基于构造地貌参数的新构造运动研究进展与思考

摘要

Tectonic geomorphology is the result of interaction between neotectonics and exogenic geological process at the basis of rock,which is also the most intuitional information carriers reflecting neotectonics.Tec-tonic geomorphologic parameters are the quantitative expression of the morphological features of landform genera-ted by internal forces,showing great potential in quantitative uncovering neotectonics.Based on tectonic land-form evolution's sensitive impact on tectonic uplift,geomorphic characteristics of river and hillslope gradually become ideal information carriers of neotectonics.This paper analyzed the application principles of river geomor-phologic parameters based on stream-power incision model,and introduced the latest research about the hillslope geomorphologic parameters corresponding to tectonic uplift delayed response reported by Martin D.Hurst et al in 201 3 ,and tried to discuss the parameters' indicative significance to tectonic uplift.It comes to the conclusion that tectonic geomorphologic parameters can preferably reflect neotectonics information implicated in tectonic geomorphology.Acquiring these parameters in different time can realize the dynamic study on modern tectonic geomorphic process to get the latest information of crustal activity.However,tectonic geomorphic research can-not settle geochronological sequence of tectonic activity,and is hard to eliminate the impact of non-tectonic fac-tors.Nowadays,the application of tectonic geomorphologic parameters in neotectonics is still a “bottleneck”in qualitative study.Integrating tectonic geomorphologic parameters with geologic and geomorphic records and experimental simulations to build a comprehensive model of geomorphologic parameters is the most efficient path to realize the quantification of neotectonics research.%构造地貌是新构造运动与外地质营力以岩石为物质基础相互作用的产物，是反映新构造运动最为直观的信息载体。构造地貌参数是对内力作用形成地貌的外在形态特征的定量化表达，对于定量化揭示新构造运动信息具有较大的潜力。基于地貌过程对构造抬升的敏感响应，河流和山坡地貌形态特征成为记录新构造运动信息理想载体。分析了具有显著影响的基于河流水力侵蚀模型的河流地貌参数的应用原理，介绍了Martin D.Hurst等2013年在山坡地貌参数对构造隆升延缓响应方面的最新研究成果，并尝试讨论了这些地貌参数对构造抬升的指示意义。认为构造地貌参数能够较好地揭示隐含在构造地貌形态中的新构造运动信息；获取不同时段的地貌参数可以实现对现代构造地貌过程的动态研究，以获取最新的地壳活动信息。但是，构造地貌研究并不能解决构造活动的年代序列问题，同时也难以排除一些非构造因素的影响，目前构造地貌参数在新构造运动中的应用仍处于定性研究的瓶颈阶段。结合构造地貌参数和地质、地貌记录以及实验模拟，建立地貌参数的混合模型是实现利用地貌参数进行新构造运动定量化研究的重要途径。