大功率盘式交流永磁同步电机温度场流场耦合分析

摘要

根据510 kW盘式电机的电磁设计参数及热物性参数建立了三维温度场流场流固耦合模型,分析了额定工况下电机发热部件的温度分布,接着对样机进行了温升试验.针对温升试验电机温度偏高进行了改进性研究探索,从主动降低损耗和被动降低损耗两方面,研究了影响盘式电机温升的因素.主动降耗方面,建立了等效的二维直线电机模型,从铁耗理论模型和电磁仿真模型角度分析了不同牌号硅钢片在空载和负载工况下,铁耗瞬态变化趋势.对于供电频率较高的电机,尤其在弱磁区,铁耗往往成为影响电机温升的主要因素,对于卷绕定子铁心,建议采用沿着卷绕方向易于磁化、高磁感应强度、低损耗的晶体取向超薄硅钢片来降低高频铁耗.被动降耗方面,基于建立的三维耦合模型,分析了水道不同入口流速对电机定、转子最高温度影响、额定负载和过载工况下的定子绕组最高温度随入口冷却液流速变化趋势,最后将端盖端面水道流体单独建模,通过以上温升影响因素的分析,为之后盘式电机热管理的改进设计提供理论依据.%According to electromagnetic parameters and thermal physical parameters of 510 kW disc-type motor,the 3D coupling model on temperature field and flow field was built.The temperature distribution of motor heating parts was analyzed under the rating condition,and then the temperature rise test of prototype was performed.For the case that the temperature of motor was high,affecting factors of temperature rise test were studied from the perspective of losses reduction actively and passively.On the respect of losses reduction actively,an equivalent two-dimension model of the fiat linear motor was put forward.Changing trends of iron core loss was analyzed on the no-load and load conditions,which using different brands of silicon steel sheet based on the theoretical model of iron core loss and electromagnetic simulation model.For the higher power supply frequency of motor,especially in the region of the field weakening,iron core loss often became the main factor influencing on the temperature rise of motor.For the stator core with coiling process,the ultrathin crystal orientation silicon steel sheet that has the feature of easy magnetization,high magnetic induction intensity and low loss was advised to use in order to reduce the high frequency iron core loss.On the respect of losses reduction passively,the influence on the highest temperature of stator and rotor was analyzed for the different inlet velocity based on the 3D coupling model.The highest temperature of stator coil with inlet velocity change was analyzed under the condition of rated load and overloading.Through above analysis of influential factor on temperature,the theoretical base was provided for improving the thermal management of disc-type motor.