抽水蓄能发电/电动机转子不同结构的对比分析

摘要

转子是高速电机直接传递载荷的部件,其结构稳定性影响机组的安全运行.不同于常规水轮发电机,抽水蓄能电机需在发电工况和电动工况问频繁切换,从而导致转子因频繁变化的转向和转速更易出现破坏.目前,由于国内电机设计缺少对比数据,对转子应采取何种结构尚无定论.针对南方电网抽水蓄能电站T尾部和鸽尾部两种结构的转子,选取相同的实际运行条件对比分析了各自结构的温升及其导致的应力,并对比了离心力导致的应力分布情况.在此基础上,通过对比结构上的叠加应力评估了不同转子结构的运行能力.结果表明:鸽尾部转子的应力分布优于T尾部转子,从而具有更高的稳定性.但鸽尾部转子温升情况更恶劣,实际运行应重点监测温度变化.%The rotor of a motor is connected directly to the mechanical loading at high speed,its structure stability leads directly to the safe operation of the unit.Different from the traditional hydro-generator,the pumped storage machine frequently switches between generator mode and motor mode,leading to structural damage of the rotor under variable rotational direction and speed.The structure design of the rotor is difficult because of the lacking of contrast data.By comparing the distribution of temperature rise,thermal stress,and stress caused by centrifugal force under realistic operating condition,the structure stability of the different rotor structure in a pumped-storage power station in Guangzhou,owned by China Southern Power Grid Company,was analysis.The results showed that the stress distribution of the dovetail slot was better than the distribution of the T-shape slot,leading to better stability.But the temperature distribution of the rotor slot-dovetail need carefully monitoring because of the higher temperature rise of the structure.