This paper introduces briefly the basic principles of various seismic prospecting techniques and working methods according to nationwide practices of seismic prospecting of active faults beneath big cities in recent years.Furthermore,it analyzes the application range of different seismic prospecting methods,main achievements and solved problems,and discusses the best combination of seismic exploration methods for detecting crustal structures and locating the faults used in the present stage,that is,to trace faults which are at depths of hundred of meters underground using shallow seismic investigation,to detect the faults which are above basement(at a depth of kilometers) using high resolution refraction sounding,and the deep crustal faults using combined seismic prospecting methods of reflection seismic sounding and wide-angle reflection/refraction sounding,and furthermore,to use the 3-D deep seismic sounding method to obtain 3-D velocity structures beneath urban areas.Thus,we can get information about fault attitude and distribution at different depths and a complete image of faults from their shallow part to deep part using the combined seismic exploration method.Some application examples are presented in the article.
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