目的 探讨发生前置胎盘的相关原因及降低发生率的可能途径.方法 收集2002年1月～2010年12月我所围产保健门诊孕期建册并有明确妊娠结局的前置胎盘152例作为观察组,选择同期紧跟每例前置胎盘后分娩的无前置胎盘152例作为对照组,统计和比较两组孕产妇及围产儿发生的异常情况.结果 产妇年龄、流产史及分娩史与前置胎盘的发生相关,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；观察组剖宫产率明显增加,易发生孕产期阴道流血、妊娠合并贫血、产后出血,围产儿易发生胎位异常、新生儿窒息,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 通过宣传教育减少流产,鼓励适时生育并严格掌握剖宫产指征,可降低前置胎盘的发生率.%Objective To investigate factors for occurrence of placenta previa, and to discuss possible ways to reduce the incidence rate. Methods 152 cases of clear pregnancy with placenta previa registered in perinatal care clinic during January 2002 and December 2010 were enrolled as observation group. Another 152 cases of pregnancy without placenta previa, each of whom gave birth immediately after each case in the observation group were enrolled as control group. Maternal and perinatal abnormalities in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results Age, miscarriage history and delivery history were related to occurrence of placenta previa, and there were significant differences(P <0.05); The maternal cesarean operation rate in the observation group obviously increased, causing possible vaginal bleeding during the early pregnancy. During the late pregnancy they were likely to have anaemia and postpartum hemorrhage besides vaginal bleeding. In addition, abnormal perinatal fetal positions and newborn asphyxia were often observed. There were significant differences between the two groups( P < 0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion Lower abortion rate, timely birth and strict control of cesarean section index can reduce the occurrence rate of placenta previa.
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