近年来诺贝尔医学奖中的伦理学思考

摘要

美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)在接受了卡佩基(Mario R.Capecchi)的课题申请后,以成功率太小的理由拒绝予以批准；而在卡氏自行研究获得成功以后反而自嘲地认为,尽管决定错误,但也无伤大雅,这就为科研课题审批中的瑕疵开了绿灯.在科研合作上,埃文思(Sir Martin J.Evans)主动而审慎地将自己的成果——胚胎干细胞巧妙地介绍给了史密瑟斯(Oliver Smithies)和卡佩基,铸成了没有共同署名论文的另类科研合作.这一合作为三位科学家获得了2007年的诺贝尔医学奖的荣誉,这种另类科研合作在医学伦理学中值得研究,而对共同发现艾滋病病毒,却无缘2008年诺贝尔医学奖的美国科学家来说是个遗憾.%NIH refused the project,conducted by Capecchi,having reason there is little possibility to succeed it.NIH thought no problem when Capecchi succeeded by himself,this,thus,led to wrong approach to approve scientific research project.In scientific cooperation Evans actively and diplomatically gave his scientific result,embryonic stem (ES) cell to Smithies and Capecchi,this,thus,led to the cooperation of another kind without any article under the joint signature of their names.This kind of cooperation has resulted in their winning of 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,then has gained broad respect in medical ethics.