复杂船舶围壁传热系数取值探讨

摘要

采用数值模拟软件对几种复杂船舶围壁进行稳态传热计算，并将计算所得围壁传热系数与相关标准提供的计算值进行对比。结果表明，采用数值方法计算得到的复杂船舶围壁传热系数与相关标准提供的参考值相比差异很大。计算结果也表明：空气层厚度对船舶甲板围壁的传热系数影响较大，而对垂直围壁的传热系数影响较小；隔热材料的导热系数对垂直围壁的传热系数影响较大，而对甲板围壁传热系数的影响较小。相关标准直接笼统地给出了各种类型船舶围壁的传热系数，而对围壁空气层厚度及隔热材料导热系数等未作详细说明，在对围壁传热量进行计算时采用标准推荐的传热系数会出现较大偏差，建议针对具体的船舶围壁，通过数值模拟或实验来获取围壁传热系数。%In this paper,the steady heat transfer characteristics of complex ship casing walls are calculat-ed via numerical simulation softwares,and the obtained heat transfer coefficients are compared with rele-vant standards. Large differences are observed between the two sets of coefficients. On the one hand,simu-lation results indicate that the thickness of the air layer may greatly influence the heat transfer coefficient of decks(horizontal walls),while such obvious influence is not observed for vertical walls;moreover,the thermal conductivity of the insulation material has far more influences on the heat transfer coefficient of ver-tical walls than decks(horizontal walls). On the other hand,such information is not described in detail in the standard,and as a result,using the coefficients provided by the standard can lead to large margin of er-ror when studying the heat transfer properties of ship casing walls. In short,the numerical simulation ap-proach is seen to be more robust and reliable.