甘蓝型油菜抗寒性鉴定方法的建立和种质资源筛选

摘要

From available cold tolerance germplasm,identification method was built on rapeseed(Brassica na-pus L.). Seedlings at 3- to 4-leaf stage were tested after 24h under 4℃ cold acclimation. Survival rates(SR) and cold tolerance index(CTI)were inveatigated after 3 treatments(-2℃ for 1 h,-2℃ for 1 h and -4℃ for 1 h,-2℃ for 1 h and -4℃ for 1 h and then -6℃ for 1 h). A total of 226 materials from domestic and abroad were evaluated. Results showed that the SR of the 3 treatments were from 0-100%,0-80%,and 0-70% re-spectively. The CTI ranged from 0 to 52. Six strong cold tolerant germplasm were found with CTI of 33 to 52. The results from different ecological zone demonstrated that winter-,semi-winter- and spring-rapeseeds had CTI of 8.10,7.70 and 9.10 respectively. Spring-rapeseeds were more tolerant to cold than winter and semi-winter rapeseeds.%为筛选可利用的抗寒种质资源,建立了甘蓝型油菜抗寒性鉴定方法:将3叶期到4叶期的幼苗经4℃预处理(低温锻炼)24h,然后分别做3种冷冻处理(-2℃1h、-2℃1h+ -4℃1h、-2℃1h+ -4℃1h + -6℃1h),随后统计存活率,计算抗寒指数,评估抗寒性.通过该方法对来自国内外的226份油菜资源进行抗寒性评价,结果表明:3种冷冻处理下,供试材料的存活率差别明显,抗寒指数范围是0~52.从中筛选出6份强抗寒性的种质,抗寒指数大于33;根据不同生态区划分,冬性、半冬性和春性材料的平均抗寒指数分别为8.10、7.70和9.10,春性材料抗寒性最优,也说明鉴定方法具有准确性.