记忆抱怨主诉人群求助行为的影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To explore the influence factors of help-seeking behavior in people with subjective memory complaints (SMCs).Methods A total of 305 eligible SMCs people were recruited and investigated with illness perception questionnaire-memory (IPQ-M),GDS-15,Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE),auditory verbal learning test(AVLT).Subjects were comprised of two groups:help-seeking group(n=44) and non-help-seeking group(n=261).Results The ratio of SMCs people for help-seeking was very low,only accounted for 14.4％.The ratio for going to hospital to see a specialist memory clinic accounted for only 2.0％.Logistic regression analysis showed 6 related factors were prime motivators for help-seeking behavior,which were symptom (OR=1.455),treatment control (OR=2.456),emotional representation (OR=2.268),accepting dementia education (OR=1.576),lacking of blood supply to the brain(OR=1.115),not using brain(OR=2.079).Three causal attributions were obstructive factors for help-seeking behavior,which were loneliness (OR=0.253),aging (OR=0.450),and chance or bad luck (OR=0.374).Conclusion Illness perception-memory in subjects with SMCs had some prediction for help-seeking behavior.Community nurses should attach importance to illness perception-memory of SMCs people and help them promote help-seeking,so as to facilitate earlv screening,identification and prevention of dementia.%目的 分析记忆抱怨主诉人群求助行为的影响因素.方法 选取符合纳入标准的记忆抱怨主诉患者305例作为研究对象,其中求助组44例,未求助组261例,采用记忆障碍感知问卷、老年抑郁量表、简易精神状态量表、听觉词语学习测验量表对其进行调查和评估.结果 研究对象就记忆问题寻求帮助的比例较低,为14.4％,到医院记忆诊所看专科医生仅占2.0％.Logistic回归分析显示:症状识别(OR=1.455)、治疗控制(OR=2.456)、情感表达(OR=2.268)、接受痴呆知识教育史(OR=5.176)、大脑供血不足归因(OR=1.115)、不动脑归因(OR=2.079)是促进记忆抱怨主诉人群求助行为的影响因素,而孤独(OR=0.253)、老化(OR=0.450)、机会或运气不好(OR=0.374)3个归因感知是阻碍记忆抱怨主诉人群求助的影响因素.结论 记忆抱怨主诉人群的记忆障碍感知对其针对记忆问题的早期求助行为有一定的预测能力,是否接受痴呆知识教育影响记忆相关求助行为,社区护士应重视患者的记忆力下降主诉,督促其及早就医,以利于痴呆的早期筛查、识别与防治.