评述了铝锂合金的发展历程和应用以及我国铝锂合金研究所取得的成果.阐述了第3代铝锂合金的成分、微观组织和性能特点,讨论了合金化元素在调控铝锂合金微观组织进而改善性能方面的作用.大量研究表明,这些合金化元素可改变铝锂合金中原有析出相的大小、形状、分布,或刺激新强化相的析出,也可以细化晶粒、控制再结晶和晶粒取向.时效析出过程的本质和动力学在很大程度上取决于合金化元素之间的交互作用和合金原子的团簇化过程.%The development history of Al-Li alloys and the achievements gained in China were reviewed. The composition, microstructure and properties of the third generation Al-Li alloys were reviewed as well, and in particular, the effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and the further improvement of the properties was discussed in detail. Numerous studies demonstrate that the alloying elements can modify the dimension, morphology and distribution of phases, or stimulate the precipitation of the new phase in Al-Li alloys, and in addition, are also able to refine the grain structure, control the recrystallization and grain orientation. Essentially, the nature and kinetics of the precipitation process depend on the interaction of alloying elements and the co-clustering sequence.
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