图像配准技术在图像引导放疗中的应用

摘要

This paper briefly introduces image registration, reviews its application and research in the Image-Guided radiation therapy.This paper describes three commonly used methods, including quick planning of automatic target delineation for improving target dose and reducing normal tissue radiation dose, online correction for finding the central location of tumors to be treated and for calculating the parameters of the treatment couch, which need to be adjusted, adaptive radiation for quickly estimating the change, the reduction and the displacement of anatomic location in the radiotherapy process, so as to adjust the target volume and optimize dose. After full understanding of the registration process as well as the accuracy and limitation of the related algorithm, we can significantly increase the accuracy of radiation therapy with commonly used methods and practical application of image registration technique in combination with different situations in image-guided radiotherapy. Therefore image registration technique has been increasingly applied in image guided radiotherapy in recent years. Since the golden standard has not formed in the practical application of image registration, so it is required that image registration algorithm should be validated in different cases according to their actual situation. The paper specifically analyzes the resulting problem, then looks forward to the trend of technological improvement and the prospects of the application.%简要介绍图像配准技术及其在图像引导放射治疗中的应用现状和研究进展情况.列举说明了目前常用的三种实现方法,包括自动靶区勾画快速计划以提升靶区剂量及降低正常组织照射剂量、在线校位以找到待治疗肿瘤的等中心位置并计算得到治疗床需要调节的参数、自适应放疗以快速判断放疗过程中解剖部位的变化、退缩和位移情况来调整靶区和优化剂量.在图像引导放疗中,充分了解配准的过程以及相关算法的准确性和局限性,依据常用的实现方法,结合不同的情况实际应用图像配准技术,可大幅提高放射治疗的精确度,因此图像配准技术近年来在图像引导放疗中应用日趋广泛.由于图像配准技术在实际应用中不存在金标准,需要用户根据自己的实际情况对不同病例进行图像配准算法的验证.本文对由此存在的问题进行了具体分析并对技术改进方向和应用前景进行了展望.