开发了一种水辅助溶剂法从油砂中提取沥青的技术。该方法通过在油砂固相与有机溶剂间介入水层提取油砂中的沥青。以内蒙古扎赉特旗油砂矿为研究对象，考察了温度、剂砂质量比、提取时间、甲苯在复合溶剂中的含量及溶剂的种类与性质对沥青回收率高低的影响，结果表明：最佳提取条件为提取温度50℃，剂砂质量比1∶1，提取时间25min。沥青回收率与提取溶剂的性质紧密相关，水层介入有效降低了固体微粒组分在有机相中的含量，且便于后续的有机相与泥砂相的分离。通过对各种溶剂提取的沥青进行组分分析，发现各种溶剂对沥青提取能力的差异性源于溶剂的化学组成和结构不同。本文相关研究结果对溶剂法提取油砂中沥青技术及溶剂种类的选择具有指导作用。%Water-assisted solvent extraction processes (WASEPs) were developed by introducing a water layer between the oil sands and solvent to extract bitumen. The function of the introduced water layer in the WASEPs is to effectively reduce the fine solids content in the solvent phase and make it easy to separate bitumen solution from solids. Effects of the solvent type on bitumen recovery were investigated and the extraction conditions were optimized. The results showed that bitumen recovery was closely related to the solvent compositions and chemical structure. The optimal extraction condition was stirring at 50℃ for 25 minutes using a ratio of oil sands to solvent at 1∶1(wt/wt). The reason of different extraction abilities for various solvents was revealed by analyzing the component of extracted bitumen. It may be useful to guide the solvent extraction processes and solvent selection.
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