脱硫化反应在汞离子传感器中的应用进展

摘要

Because of the thiophiolic property of mercury ions,desulfurization reactions have been widely used in the design of reactive sensors for mercury ions and provide us methods of investigating mercury ions with superior selectivity. This review mainly focused on the applications of desulfurization reactions in the design of chemosensers for mercury ions,including the Hg2+-promoted desulfurization reactions of thiocarbonyl compounds,derivatives of thiourea,squaraine-based compounds,thiosemicarbazide compounds,as well as the Hg2+-promoted deprotection of dithioacetals. Several obstacles in this field include harsh reaction conditions for some chemical reactions in the design of sensors of mercury ions,slow reaction rate of some chemical reactions at room temperature;low sensitivity of some sensor systems. Therefore, optimization of the sensing conditions is needed in order to provide more opportunities in the development of reactive sensors for mercury ions.%汞离子具有独特的嗜硫性，因此脱硫化反应被广泛地应用于汞离子传感器的设计之中，并表现出超高的选择性。本文在前期研究工作的基础上，结合相关文献报道，综述了脱硫化反应在汞离子化学传感器中的应用，包括汞离子与硫代羰基化合物发生脱硫反应、汞诱导硫脲衍生物脱硫化氢生成胍类化合物的反应、汞诱导的方酸化合物脱硫醇反应、汞促进氨基硫脲转化为二唑反应以及缩硫醛化合物的脱保护反应。分析文献表明，该领域的研究目前仍存在一些尚未解决的问题：有些化学反应的反应条件较苛刻；有些化学反应在室温下反应速率较慢；一些传感体系对汞离子检测的灵敏度较低。因此，需要更好地利用化学反应，探索并优化传感条件，为反应型汞离子传感器的发展提供更多契机。