用场发射扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪和X射线衍射仪,对淄博市中心城区大气降尘的矿物组成、微形貌和微区成分进行了分析.结果表明,淄博市大气降尘的矿物组成有石英、长石、石膏、方解石、赤铁矿、白云母、伊利石和非晶质等.矿物微形貌特点和矿物组成揭示了降尘组分主要来源于3种途径:与高温过程有关的工业活动排放的产物,自然成因和大气化学反应的产物.球形赤铁矿、板状方解石和絮状石膏是本研究中观察到的3种典型矿物微形貌.%Micrographs and mineral components of atmospheric fine dust in Zibo City were investigated by means of Field-SEM, EDS and XRD. It is found that mineral composition of the dust is composed of quartz, albite, gypsum, calcite, hematite, muscovite, illite and amorphous material. SEM results imply that there exist at least three kinds of environmental origins of particles in the fine dust. Porous and round particulates are related to the high temperature industrial process, strongly weathered minerals originate from crustal composition, and well-grown crystals may result from chemical reactions in the atmosphere. Ball-like hematite, platy calcite and wadding gypsum are dust minerals with typical micrographs.
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