外磁场作用下量子点热机

摘要

A quantum dot thermoelectric engine consists of a quantum dot embedded between two thermal reservoirs at dif-ferent temperatures and chemical potentials .Based on stochastic master equation ,the steady expressions for the particle current of tunneling electrons between two reservoirs are derived analytically .Moreover ,the amount of heat extracted from the reservoirs per u-nit time ,the power output and the efficiency are calculated .The performance characteristics curves between the power output and the efficiency are plotted by numerical simulation .The influence of the applied magnetic field on the performance characteristics of the engine is analyzed .Lastly ,the variation of the corresponding efficiency at the maximum power output with the ratio of the tempera-tures between two reservoirs is discussed and the corresponding efficiency is compared with Carnot efficiency and CA efficiency .%量子点热机是由两个温度和化学势都不同的热库与量子点构成的。基于随机主方程，我们推导出电子在两个热库之间传输的粒子流表达式，进一步计算出电子从两个热库中吸收的热量、热机的功率和效率。通过数值模拟可以画出功率与效率的性能特征曲线，分析了外磁场大小对热机性能的影响。最后，讨论了该热机在最大功率下的效率随两库温度比的关系，并与卡诺效率和CA效率比较。