连续纯方位系统的可观测性分析

摘要

It was proved that a continuous bearings-only observation system is observable if and only if an observable discriminant which only consists of four bearings without their differentiating and the solution of differential equations is not equal to zero.Observer motion equations for the unobservable systerns were given and analyzed,the analyzed results show that a system is unobservable if and only if for all bearing measurements the observer trajectory is equivalent to an uniform line.A criterion of target maneuver detection was presented by the mentioned above conclusions under the restriction of uniform live motion of target.%证明了连续纯方位观测系统可观测的一个充分必要条件是存在4个方位构成的可观测判别式不等于0,其特点是仅利用方位信息而无需导数信息和求解微分方程.分析了系统不可观测时观测器的运动形态,指出纯方位系统不可观测时,观测器的运动轨迹是一种等效的匀速直线运动观测轨迹.应用这些结论得到了约束假定条件下目标机动的一个判断准则.