Myorelaxation in Special Physical Capability of Athletes

摘要

In our longitudinal studies we have ascertained that unilateral changes of neuromuscular system functional state, particularly, changing velocity of muscles voluntary relaxation under the influence of different adaptogenic factors, depend on the fact that each of such impacts is more or less accompanied by tissue hypoxia and hypoxemia. It causes activation (inclusion) of the whole complex of antihypoxic and defense reactions. At the present time a number of various ways of sportspersons' special physical capability (SPC) based mainly on training and competitive loadings ramp up. They are effective enough to reach the main goal, but none of them provides sportspersons' health safety. Moreover, with the increase in volume and intensity of the loadings, which in sport have almost reached their limits, the sport traumatism and morbidity rate grow progressively. Proceeding from this, there was an evident necessity for the search of conceptually new ways for a simultaneous solution of these two the most complex and, in the opinion of many research workers, almost incompatible problems - the problem of achieving the highest levels of special physical working capacity, and the problem of sportspersons' health maintenance and improving -associated by us into one general problem of human motor activity efficiency enhancement. Therefore it is necessary to physiologically substantiated the basic methods and principles of special relaxation training, directed on increase of athletes training process efficiency at all stages of the athletic skills development. Under the efficiency of the motor activity, we understand achieve the highest levels of the special physical performance while maintaining sports longevity and health of athletes. In the conclusion we will note that it is necessary development of a brand new complex system of special physical and functional training, the use of which from the early child age will provide the all-round development and perfection of inhibitory-relaxation processes, one's own defence mechanisms and formation of the best rational types of long-term adaptation and individual development for an organism.