Evaluation of Ecological Benefits of High-Standard Farmland Construction and Analysis of Regional Differences between the East and the West: Based on the Study of Jintang County in Sichuan Province and Yongtai County in Fujian Province

摘要

High-standard farmland construction is an important strategy for China to maintain food security and social stability. However, a series of engineering measures used in the construction of high-standard farmland will cause ecological disturbances as well as ecological and environmental problems, so it is necessary to evaluate its ecological benefits, thus offering references to maintain the ecological security of high-standard farmland construction and promote sustainable development. Based on the ecosystem service value theory, this work used individual service evaluation methods to evaluate the ecological benefits of typical high-standard farmland construction projects in eastern and western China and analyze the reasons. Then, it analyzed regional differences and proposed targeted policy recommendations accordingly. The results show that the ecological service value of typical high-standard farmland construction projects in the eastern and western regions has increased significantly, indicating that the project has effectively improved regional ecological services while optimizing agricultural land production functions. At the same time, changes of ecological service value caused by high-standard farmland construction will also have regional disparity due to differences in soil quality, agricultural structure, and agricultural development models. In the future, different regulation measures should be selected in accordance with regional conditions to reduce negative ecological disturbance effect of the regulation process and improve ecological efficiency.