EUKARYOTIC BIODIVERSITY UNDER OIL PALM ON PEAT AT SARAWAK DETERMINED USING 454 NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING

摘要

Information on the eukaryotic biodiversity in different peat ecosystems in Sarawak remained lamentably low. The eukaryotic community in seven tropical peat ecosystems in Sarawak was examined using 454-next-generation sequencing technology. The operational taxonomic units (OTU) were 1103, 924, 718 for Pelitanah Alan Bunga logged over forest(PF), Pelitanah planted with young oil palm (PT) and Pelitanah Alan Bunga logged over clean cleared unplanted area (UP), respectively. In the mixed forest peat at Sri Aman the OTU for eukaryotic community were 986, 1853, 1677, 865 for primary forest at Muladam National Park (MD), logged over forest Cermat Ceria (CC), 7 years oil palm plantation at Durafarm (DF) developed from degraded logged over mixed peat, Sri Aman Sarawak and 11 years oil palm at Naman (NM) developed from degraded logged over Alan Bunga peat, Sibu Sarawak, respectively. The a-diversity of eukaryotic community for PF indicated average species per sample ID of 280 species as compared to 230 and 50 species per sample ID for in PT and UP, Sibu Sarawak. While, the a-diversity of eukaryotic community indicated average species per sample ID were 70, 500, 300, 150 species for MD, CC, DF at Sri Aman Sarawak and NM, Sibu Sarawak, respectively. The 3D Bi-Plot and taxonomic composition of eukaryotic community indicated that the eukaryotic population at MD, CC, PF and PT comprised mainly of fungi and other unclassified Eukaryota. Whilst, the eukaryotic community in peat at UP and under the matured oil palm plantations on peat (DF, NM) comprised of mainly fungi. For all sites, the most dominant phylum of fungi was Ascomycota followed by Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Fungi incertae sedis. The third dominant phylotype after unclassified Eukaryota for all sites was Aveolata mainly the Ciliphora and Apicomplexa.