MTA3 gene expression as potential gene biomarker for epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) study in colorectal cancer (CRC) cases

摘要

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers causes mortality in Indonesia. Genetic factors combine with metabolic syndrome lead the main causes of CRC. MTA3 gene has been approved as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibits epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through interaction with other genes such as Snail, E- Cadherin, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor/TGFBR. This research aimed to study the interaction of those genes in Indonesian patients through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method. The statistical analysis of gene expression was done using One Way ANOVA. In this study 7 samples were all from male patients with 4 samples in stage III and 3 samples in stage IV. MTA3, TGFBR-1, and E-Cadherin expression were downregulated in most samples and stages otherwise Snail was upregulated, it can be predicted that EMT was developed at stages 3 and 4 from Indonesian CRC patients. This preliminary study showed the contribution of MTA3 in the progression of CRC through TGF-β pathway. Therefore, further investigation required to expand on another pathway that may lead to EMT from MTA3 gene expression.