China’s current population is near 1.3 billion, with less than 0.1 ha of arable land for each person. This population is expected to reach 1.6 billion and crop land will decrease to about 0.07 ha per capita. Because of this population growth pressure and reduction in arable land, to feed all the Chinese people in the new century, a super rice breeding program was set up by China’s Ministry of Agriculture in 1996, with the yield targets for hybrid rice listed in Table 1.
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