Upper leg lameness conditions are difficult to diagnose in adult cattle. Depending on the clinician, definition of upper leg lameness conditions will be either above the fetlock or above the carpus or tarsus. Lameness above the carpus and tarsus are difficult to diagnose and treat because of the heavy surrounding muscles. Even if you suspect upper leg lameness the foot of the affected leg should be carefully examined except for obvious reason of lameness (e.g. fracture, tendon laceration, and septicarthritis). A thorough lameness exam is often needed to specify the area affected followed by ancillary tests like arthrocentesis and medical imaging. The most frequent conditions causing upper leg lameness are listed here:
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