Transfer of alien resistance to diseases into common wheat lines by 'mixing' alien chromosomes and D wheat chromosomes in one subgenome.

摘要

Development of common wheat alien-substitution lines by E.Zhirov's method involves combination of different chromosomes in a single diploid subgenome of wheat hexaploid when crossing common wheat Triticum aestivum L. (AABBDD) with genome-substitutionform AABBXX. It allows one to develop wheat euploid lines with more than one pair of alien chromosomes instead of the wheat homoeologous. The lines carrying one, two or three alien chromosomes were identified among the derivatives of the three genome-substitution forms using genetic chromosome markers and meiosis investigations. The majority of lines resistant to powdery mildew are related to Ae. sharonensis, leaf rust to Ae. spe/toides and Ae. umhellulata. The lines resistant to septoriosis were foundamong derivatives of the three groups. There are lines resistant to all three diseases. They are fertile and form fertile F, hybrids with the common wheat varieties. The genes controlling resistance to diseases mentioned are situated in alien chromosomesof 1st, 3rd, and f groups.