natural

摘要： Two hypotheses of modern warming are considered:natural and anthro­pogenic.The probabilities of each of them are compared.It is proved that the hypothesis of natural warming is much more likely than the hypothesis of anthropogenic warming.It is shown that the displacement of the Sun from the center of mass of the solar system directly affects the temperature of the surface atmosphere in the synoptic regions of Eurasia.This result corresponds to the model of E.P.Borysenkov with variations of the solar constant or,equivalently,with variations of the Bond albedo.

摘要： The study evaluated the synergy between the indicators of rainfall,vegetation cover,land productivity in crop production,livestock production and the relationship between the value of aggregate agricultural production and the gross domestic product of municipalities in the semi-arid region of the State of Ceará,Brazil.The data sources are:CearáMeteorology and Water Resources Foundation(FUNCEME)and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics(IBGE)for the years 1996,2006 and 2017.The research used the methodology of factor analysis(FA),with decomposition into principal components,to construct the index of agricultural production preservation(IAPP).The results showed that 1996 had the best rainfall levels and the highest IAPP values compared to the other years studied.Year of 2017 was the last one of a draught period that extended in Cearáfrom 2012 to 2017.In that year the lowest values for IAPP were observed.The main conclusion is:there was the expected interaction between rainfall and agricultural preservation indicators applied in the semi-arid region of the state of Cearáin the years 1996,2006 and 2017.

摘要： Under the cultural and historical development of different countries,the landscape of each country also represents the characteristics of the country from different aspects.The continuous process in landscape design has led to a variety of modern landscape types.Germany,which is known as an industrial powerhouse,seems to have not lagged behind in the field of art like "gardening",and in modern times industrial landscapes with unique design styles and ecological awareness showed up.Therefore,studying the history of German gardens and their influence will provide new ideas for the future development of landscape.

摘要： CH_(4) storage associated with adsorbed natural gas(ANG)technology is an issue attracting great concern.Following the Advanced Research Project Agency-Energy(ARPA-E)targeted deliverable capacity of 315 cm^(3)·cm^(-3)(STP),hundreds of thousands of materials have been experimentally or theoretically evaluated,while the best results still show a 35% gap from the target.Moreover,recent theoretical research reveals that the target is beyond the possibility that real materials can be designed.To get rid of the awkward situation,we make attempts on investigating the CH_(4) delivery performance under other operation conditions.Methods of raising the discharge temperature(to infinite high)or elevating the storage pressure(to 25 MPa)have been proved to show limited effectiveness.In this work,it is found that the ARPA-E target can be achieved by using a decreasing storage temperature strategy.By taking 280 CoRE(computation-ready,experimental)COFs(covalent organic frameworks)as ANG materials,when reduce the storage temperature to 190.6 K,the highest deliverable capacity can reach 392 cm^(3)·cm^(-3)(STP),and 16.1% CoRE COFs can surpass the target.The target is also achievable when storage at 220 K.Structure performance relationships study shows strong correlation between deliverable capacity and void fraction.Hence,120 hypothetical COFs are generated to ascertain the optimum void fraction.In addition,the performance of 2D-COFs can be greatly enhanced by increasing the interlayer spacings,e.g.CH_(4) deliverable capacity(storage at 190.6 K)of ATFG-COF can be improved from 239 to 411 cm^(3)·cm^(-3)(STP)when interlayer spacing is enlarged to 1.65 nm.

摘要： In the 18^(th)century,British gardens began to transform from a classical to a natural landscape style.During this period,they were influenced by the economy,local nature,as well as foreign cultures.The 18^(th)century was the golden period of cultural exchange between China and the West which gave Britain the opportunity to absorb the cultures of Chinese classical gardens.British gardeners had used various elements of Chinese classical gardens as their point of reference which promoted the development of British natural landscape gardens.

摘要： Over the past decade,China had developed rapidly in the natural gas industry and become one of the largest natural gas countries in the world.From 2009 to 2019,natural gas consumption in China had been growing rapidly with a compound annual growth rate of 13.1%,making it the world’s third largest consumer of natural gas now.The share of natural gas in primary energy consumption mix is constantly increasing and reaches 8.6%in 2020.Natural gas proved reserves in China grow at an compound annual growth rate of 8.9%during the past decade.

摘要： SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing high-quality.

摘要： BACKGROUND Tamarix chinensis Lour(TCL)is a shrub that usually grows in arid or semiarid desert areas and saline-alkali fields.It is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with hepatoprotective,antioxidant,antibacterial,and antitumor activities.AIM To investigate the possible protective effects of TCL against liver injury induced by chronic ethanol intake.METHODS C57BL/6J male mice were fed a Lieber-DeCarli lipid diet containing alcohol and received(by gavage)a water-alcohol extract(80%)of TCL(100 and 200 mg/kg BW)or distilled water for 4 wk.After euthanasia,liver tissues were observed histologically with hematoxylin and eosin staining and Oil red O staining,and the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase,hepatic lipids,reactive oxygen species,malondialdehyde,and superoxide dismutase were measured.In addition,expression of the NOD-like receptor family,pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome and downstream proinflammatory cytokines were determined.RESULTS Compared with the ethanol group,mice in the TCL-treated group(200 mg/kg)had significantly lower serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(mean,34.1 IU/L vs 45.3 IU/L,P<0.01)and aspartate transaminase(mean,89.6 IU/L vs 115.7 IU/L,P<0.01),as well as marked reduction of hepatic tissue reactive oxygen species(decreased by 27.5%,P<0.01)and malondialdehyde(decreased by 76.6%,P<0.01)levels,with a significant increase of superoxide dismutase(Increased by 73.2%,P<0.01).Expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream cytokines[interleukin(IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,and IL-6],and recruitment of natural killer T cells to the liver,were reduced in the TCLtreated incubation with a Lieber-DeCaril ethanol lipid diet group.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a TCL extract(200 mg/kg)protects against chronic ethanol-induced liver injury,probably by inhibiting the NLRP3-caspase-1-IL-1βsignaling pathway and suppressing oxidative stress.

摘要： Modeling two-dimensional overland flow across complex real-world topography is a challenging problem. Predicting the overland flow variables for various whatif rainfall scenarios can facilitate designing water infrastructure components aimed at preventing inundation and urban flooding. Numerical models that are being used range from those that solve the simplified St. Venant equations to CFD models that solve the complete three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. In this work, the performance of the USGS Diffusion Hydrodynamic Model (DHM) for a series of overland flow test problems was tested by comparing numerical solutions obtained for an event-driven simulation across various sensitive parameter combinations. The reliability of the model and its ability to incorporate various topographical characteristics in the domain are illustrated.