Mouse

摘要： During the development of mammalian heart, the left and right atria play an important role in cardiovascular circulation. The embryonic atrium is mainly formed by the differentiation of progenitor cells and the proliferation of cardiomyocytes, while the postnatal atrium is primarily shaped by the increase in the volume of cardiomyocytes. Cell proliferation and differentiation of atrial development is the basis for its functions such as “blood reservoir” and “supplementary pump”. Deep understanding the cellular mechanism of atrial development is imperative to explore the causes of common congenital arrhythmia heart diseases such as atrial fibrillation. We used genetically engineered mouse reproduction knowledge, lineage tracing method based on CreloxP system, molecular biology and immunofluorescence technology to track the cardiomyocyte lineage of Nppa-GFP mouse line with stereo fluorescence microscope and ultra-high-speed confocal microscope. Besides the atrium of Nppa-CreER;Rosa26 tdTomato mouse was examined during embryonic (E10.5 - E18.5) and postnatal (P0, P3, P5, P7, P14, P28, P8w) stage. Immunofluorescence results revealed that Nppa-positive cells labeled TNNI3-positive cardiomyocytes and protruded into the atrial cavity at the beginning of E11.5 - E12.0 and during subsequent development to form Nppa-positive myocardial trabeculae. Thick comb-shaped myocardium was observed after birth, and we suspect that this was particularly important for the normal contractile activity and pumping function of the atrium. Additionally, non-single origin of Nppa-positive trabecular myocardiocytes were revealed through Tamoxifen-induced lineage tracing experiment. Our findings reveal proliferation dynamics and non-comprehensive fate decisions of cardiomyocytes that produce the distinct architecture of the atrium chamber.

摘要： Microtubule-severing proteins(MTSPs),are a family of proteins which use adenosine triphosphate to sever microtubules.MTSPs have been shown to play an important role in multiple microtubule-involved cellular processes.One member of this family,fidgetin(FIGN),is also involved in male fertility;however,no studies have explored its roles in female fertility.In this study,we found mouse fidgetin is rich within oocyte zona pellucida(ZP)and is the only MTSP member to do so.Fidgetin also appears to interact with all three ZP proteins.These findings prompted us to propose that fidgetin might prevent polyspermy.Results from in vitro maturation oocytes analysis showed that fidgetin knockdown did cause polyspermy.We then deleted all three fidgetin isoforms with CRISPR/Cas9 technologies;however,female mice remained healthy and with normal fertility.Of all mouse MTSPs,only the mRNA level of fidgetin-like 1(FIGNL1)significantly increased.Therefore,we assert that fidgetin-like 1 compensates fidgetin's roles in fidgetin knockout female mice.

摘要： Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Qinggan Huayu granule on mice with H22 liver cancer ascites tumor.Methods:A H22 liver cancer ascites mouse model was established by intraperitoneally injecting H22 liver cancer cells.Mice were randomly divided into the model group,the Ganfule group(1.35 g/kg),the fluorouracil group(50 mg/kg i.p),the Qinggan Huayu granule groups at low(0.67 g/kg),medium(1.34 g/kg),and high(2.68 g/kg)doses.Then the mice were administered continuously for 10 days and body weight and abdominal circumference were monitored every 3 days.On day 11,eight rats in each group were randomly selected for dissection to detect the amount of peritoneal water,peritoneal permeability and histopathological changes.The remaining mice were observed for survival.In addition,the vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2)were determined by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the model group,the weight growth of mice in the fluorouracil group and the medium-dose and high-dose Qinggan Huayu granule groups was slower(P<0.05).Moreover,the abdominal circumference of mice in each treatment group was increased slowly.There were significant differences in abdominal circumference between the fluorouracil group,the medium-dose group and the control group from day 6(P<0.05)while the abdominal circumference of the high dose group was significantly smaller than that of the control group from day 12(P<0.05).Moreover,compared with the model group,the amount of ascites in the medium-and high-dose Qinggan Huayu granule groups was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The optical density value of ascites supernatant in medium-and high-dose Qinggan Huayu granule group and the fluorouracil group decreased significantly(P<0.05)and the survival period of the medium-dose Qinggan Huayu granule group and the fluorouracil group was prolonged prominently(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the low-dose Qinggan Huayu granule group and the Ganfule group.Peritoneal histopathological assay showed more complete peritoneal structure,less edema and less angiogenesis of the peritoneum in the fluorouracil group and the medium-and high-dose Qinggan Huayu granule group,which was better than that of the Ganfule group and the low-dose group.Compared with the model group,the expressions of VEGFA and VEGFR2 in the medium-dose Qinggan Huayu granule group decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:Qinggan Huayu granule can inhibit ascites production in the mice model with H22 liver cancer ascites tumor,prolong the survival of mice,and reduce peritoneal permeability and suppress the increase of peritoneal neovascularization.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of VEGF/VEGFR pathway.

摘要： 这款来自印象笔记的智能鼠标EverMOUSE,它在支持语音输入、翻译的基础上,还多了与印象笔记软件相配的功能,算是一个很独特的体验。EverMOUSE只支持用无线适配器来连接,选择上比较少,不过大部分设备应该都有USB Type-A接口。EverMOUSE本身不需要电池,可以通过Micro-USB来充电,3小时充满,续航为一个月。

摘要： Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP)functions as an acute phase protein and plays a role in the innate immune response to bacterial challenge.To investigate the uterine expression of LBP during peri-implantation in mice,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of LBP in mouse uteri in the early pregnancy,pseudopregnancy,artificial decidualization and hormone-treated mice.The results showed that LBP was expressed in uterine luminal epithelium(LE)and glandular epithelium(GE)during days 1-4 of pregnancy.During days 5-8,LBP was weakly expressed in the decidual cells around the embryo on the 5th day of pregnancy(implantation occurred),then gradually increased,LBP was strongly expressed in the decidual zone on the 8th day of pregnancy.The expression of LBP in pseudopregnancy was similar with pregnancy on days 1-4.In artificial decidualization mice,LBP was observed in uterine LE and GE in the control horn,whereas LBP expression was significantly higher in decidua of mouse uteri under artificial decidualization.In hormone-treated mice,the expression of LBP wasup-regulated by 17β-estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P4).In addition,the cultured mouse endometrial stromal cells(mESCs)were induced for in vitro decidualization with 10 nmol·L-1 E2 and 1μmol·L-1 P4.Real-time PCR results showed that LBP mRNA expression was highly induced in mESCs after decidual stimulus.In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that LBP was expressed in the decidual cells,indicating that LBP involved in decidualization of mouse uteri.

摘要： Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common diagnosed malignancy among both sexes in the United States as well as in the European Union.While the incidence and mortality rates in western,high developed countries are declining,reflecting the success of screening programs and improved treatment regimen,a rise of the overall global CRC burden can be observed due to lifestyle changes paralleling an increasing human development index.Despite a growing insight into the biology of CRC and many therapeutic improvements in the recent decades,preclinical in vivo models are still indispensable for the development of new treatment approaches.Since the development of carcinogen-induced rodent models for CRC more than 80 years ago,a plethora of animal models has been established to study colon cancer biology.Despite tenuous invasiveness and metastatic behavior,these models are useful for chemoprevention studies and to evaluate colitis-related carcinogenesis.Genetically engineered mouse models(GEMM)mirror the pathogenesis of sporadic as well as inherited CRC depending on the specific molecular pathways activated or inhibited.Although the vast majority of CRC GEMM lack invasiveness,metastasis and tumor heterogeneity,they still have proven useful for examination of the tumor microenvironment as well as systemic immune responses;thus,supporting development of new therapeutic avenues.Induction of metastatic disease by orthotopic injection of CRC cell lines is possible,but the so generated models lack genetic diversity and the number of suited cell lines is very limited.Patient-derived xenografts,in contrast,maintain the pathological and molecular characteristics of the individual patient's CRC after subcutaneous implantation into immunodeficient mice and are therefore most reliable for preclinical drug development–even in comparison to GEMM or cell line-based analyses.However,subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft models are less suitable for studying most aspects of the tumor microenvironment and anti-tumoral immune responses.The authors review the distinct mouse models of CRC with an emphasis on their clinical relevance and shed light on the latest developments in the field of preclinical CRC models.

摘要： BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is associated with major chronic microvascular complications which contribute significantly to diabetes associated morbidity.The protein primarily responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidney is sodium glucose co-transporter 2(SGLT2). Presently, SGLT2 inhibitors are widely used in diabetic patients to improve blood glucose levels and prevent cardiovascular and renal complications. Given the broad therapeutic application of SGLT2 inhibitors, we hypothesised that SGLT2 inhibition may exert its protective effects via alterations of the gut microbiome and tested this in a type 1 diabetic mouse model of diabetic retinopathy.AIM To determine whether the treatment with two independent SGLT2 inhibitors affects gut health in a type 1 diabetic mouse model.METHODS The SGLT2 inhibitors empagliflozin or dapagliflozin(25 mg/kg/d) or vehicle dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) were administered to C57 BL/6 J, Akita, Kimba and Akimba mice at 10 wk of age for 8 wk via their drinking water. Serum samples were collected and the concentration of succinate and the short chain fatty acid(SCFA) butyric acid was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was performed to determine the concentration of insulin and leptin. Furthermore, the norepinephrine content in kidney tissue was determined using ELISA. Pancreatic tissue was collected and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and analysed using brightfield microscopy.RESULTS Due to the presence of the Akita allele, both Akita and Akimba mice showed a reduction in insulin production compared to C57 BL/6 J and Kimba mice.Furthermore, Akita mice also showed the presence of apoptotic bodies within the pancreatic islets. The acinar cells of Akita and Akimba mice showed swelling which is indicative of acute injury or pancreatitis. After 8 wk of SGLT2 inhibition with dapagliflozin, the intermediate metabolite of gut metabolism known as succinate was significantly reduced in Akimba mice when compared to DMSO treated mice. In addition, empagliflozin resulted in suppression of succinate levels in Akimba mice. The beneficial SCFA known as butyric acid was significantly increased in Akita mice after treatment with dapagliflozin when compared to vehicle treated mice. The norepinephrine content in the kidney was significantly reduced with both dapagliflozin and empagliflozin therapy in Akita mice and was significantly reduced in Akimba mice treated with empagliflozin.In non-diabetic C57 BL/6 J and Kimba mice, serum leptin levels were significantly reduced after dapagliflozin therapy.CONCLUSION The inhibition of SGLT2 reduces the intermediate metabolite succinate, increases SCFA butyric acid levels and reduces norepinephrine content in mouse models of T1 D. Collectively, these improvements may represent an important mechanism underlying the potential benefits of SGLT2 inhibition in T1 D and its complications.

摘要： Active and passive anti-Aβimmunotherapies have successfully been used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease animal models.However,clinical use of these immunotherapies is not effective,because the vaccination is administered too late.At 1 month of age,100μL of Aβ3–10-KLH peptide(vaccine,2μg/μL)was subcutaneously injected into the neck of an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/tau transgenic(3×Tg-AD)mouse model.Aβ3–10-KLH peptide was re-injected at 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5,5.5,and 6.5 months of age.Serum levels of Aβantibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by Morris water maze.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect total tau with HT7 and phosphorylated tau with AT8(phosphorylation sites Ser202 and Thr205)and AT180(phosphorylation site Thr231)antibodies in the hippocampus.In addition,western blot analysis was used to quantify AT8 and AT180 expression in the hippocampus.The results showed that after vaccine injection,mice produced high levels of Aβantibody,cognitive function was significantly improved,and total tau and phosphorylated tau levels were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that early active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine can greatly reduce tau phosphorylation,thereby mitigating the cognitive decline of 3×Tg-AD mice.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China Medical University,China(approval No.103-316)on April 2,2016.

摘要： The balanced actions between ubiquitination and deubiquitination precisely control the levels of various proteins vital for spermatogenesis.Ubiquitin-specific processing proteases(USPs)are the largest family of deubiquitinatingenzymes(DUBs),containing more than 50 members.So far,the functions of only a few USPs in male fertility have been studied,the roles of the majority are yet unknown.The present study aimed to explore the function of Usp29(ubiquitin-specific protease 29)in male fertility.We found that Usp29 showed predominant expression in mouse testis,and its m RNA expression started to increase at 14 days postpartum(dpp),with a peak at 28 and 35 dpp.Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,we generated Usp29 knockout mice(Usp29–/–).Usp29–/–mice exhibited no overt developmental anomalies.Further examination revealed that Usp29–/–mice had normal fertility and showed no detectable difference in the testis/body weight ratio,testicular and epididymal histology as well as epididymal sperm count from the wild-type littermates.Moreover,Usp29 is not a pseudogene in mice.Taken together,our study first reported that though Usp29 is predominantly expressed in the testis,it is not essential for male fertility in mice.

摘要： 本发明提供了一种在触摸装置上实现USB HID MOUSE功能的装置，其特征在于：包括依次连接的触摸检测MCU、主控芯片、USB接口模块；所述主控芯片内置有HID设备描述符。本发明通过采用USB模块、内置有HID设备描述符的主控芯片，实现了设备用户无需安装驱动程序就可以直接使用；同时具有高速、即插即用、支持热插拔等特点，使得外设到计算机的连接更加高效、便利；可以直接在各种定位装置上实现鼠标功能，使用更加方便、灵活，且兼容性更强。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种半导体封装MOUSE产品的载具，该载具为长条形，其横截面为封闭的方形，所述方形的一侧边的正中间部分向内凹陷，而该凹陷部分的正中间部分反向凹陷。新的半导体封装载具设计，可装载MOUSE产品“DIP-500”类型的载具，此种载具设计可以满足装载MOUSE产品的DIP-500类型的多款产品，例如，8DIP-500，12DIP-500，16DIP-500等产品。此载具可以和关联多种型号设备配套，此载具其结构简单，具有合理、性能稳定的特点。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种在触摸装置上实现USB HID MOUSE功能的装置，其特征在于：包括依次连接的触摸检测MCU、主控芯片、USB接口模块；所述主控芯片内置有HID设备描述符。本发明通过采用USB模块、内置有HID设备描述符的主控芯片，实现了设备用户无需安装驱动程序就可以直接使用，不用考虑不同产品驱动程序的兼容问题；同时具有高速、即插即用、支持热插拔等特点，使得外设到计算机的连接更加高效、便利；可以直接在各种定位装置上实现鼠标功能，使用更加方便、灵活，且兼容性更强。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种方便安装GPS超宽带G‑MOUSE定位模组的定位装置，包括本体和设于本体内的定位部件和用于固定定位部件的固定部件，所述定位部件包括设于本体内的活动槽，本实用新型通过设置本体、活动槽、中央弹簧、边缘弹簧、活动杆、阻挡板、定位圆盘、定位槽、定位爪、推动杆、转动柱和固定板，通过将定位装置放在定位圆盘上进行下压使定位爪对定位装置进行固定，使安装定位装置比较简单，节省了安装时间也节省了人工成本，方便拆卸维修和更换，同时加强了固定能力的效果，解决了现有现有的GPS超宽带G‑MOUSE定位模组的定位装置安装麻烦需要大量时间才能完成安装，安装完成后拆卸困难，不方便维修和更换，同时固定效果不理想的问题。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种惯导G‑MOUSE定位模组，涉及卫星定位技术领域。包括射频降噪电路、电源电路、电源稳压电路、GPS天线电路、惯导模块电路、电位芯片模块U12和信号输出电路，所述电源电路与电源稳压电路电性连接，所述电源稳压电路与惯导模块电路电性连接，所述惯导模块电路与电位芯片模块U12电性连接，所述惯导模块电路与GPS天线电路电信连接。定位模块使用惯导模块，能够同时支持BDS B1、GPS L1两个频点。采用GNSS/INS组合导航定位技术，提供高精度车辆定位与导航功能，无需里程计或速度信号接入，且无严格安装要求，即可在隧道、车库等环境下为车辆提供高精度定位。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种高精度双频G‑MOUSE定位模组，涉及GPS定位技术领域，包括GPS天线电路、信号指示灯电路、信号滤波电路、一级信号放大电路、二级信号放大电路、射频降噪电路和电源稳压电路，所述GPS天线电路与一级信号放大电路电性连接，所述一级信号放大电路与信号滤波电路电性连接，所述信号滤波电路与二级信号放大电路电性连接。该高精度双频G‑MOUSE定位模组设置由GPS双频定位陶瓷天线加双频定位芯片以天线的形式集成于一个模组,采用5v DC供电，上电UART串口自动输出NMEA定位信息，不需要单独配置定位电路，具有高灵敏度，高定位精度，低功耗，用户使用简单等特点，精度较单一频段G‑MOUSE有很大提升。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种G-MOUSE接收器，包括有壳体，其特征在于：在所述的壳体内设有PCB板，在所述的PCB板一面上连接有陶瓷天线，在所述的PCB板上设有屏蔽罩，在所述的壳体内设有防水圈，在所述的壳体底面上设有可将壳体吸附在金属上的磁铁，在所述的壳体底面上还设有可将壳体吸附固定在非金属上的粘胶。本实用新型的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种结构简单，防水效果好，能方便固定在金属或者非金属上，接收效果好的G-MOUSE接收器。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种mouse贴片载具，包括一托盘(1)，所述托盘(1)上设置有若干个PCB板放置区(2)，每个所述的PCB板放置区上设置有至少一个第一定位孔(5)。所述PCB板放置区正面下沉一定厚度，形成一容置槽。本实用新型通过在一个托盘上设置多个PCB板放置区，提高了传送效率。