摘要：
The purpose of this experiment was to determine nutrient contents of seven common energy feeds (corn, wheat bran, wheat, barley, brown rice, corn bran, sorghum) for semi-fine-wool sheep by using the feed proximate analysis, and to measure digestible crude protein contents (DCP) contents and effective energy values by digestion and metabolism experiments combined with the substitution method.Sixteen Yunnan semifinewool sheep with an average body weight of (55.61±5.33) kg were selected in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 animals in each group.The experiment included two periods.There were eight diets including one basal diet and seven experimental diets, and four diets of them were fed in each period.Each period experiment lasted for 10 d including a 5-day preliminary trial period and a 5-day formal trial period.The results showed as follows:1) the crude protein (CP) content of wheat bran and corn bran was relatively high, which was about 16％, the CP content of sorghum, wheat, brown rice and barley was 10％ to14％, and the CP content of corn was the lowest, which was 8.63％.The crude fiber (CF) content of wheat bran and corn bran was 8.74％ and 13.77％, respectively, and the CF content of other energy feeds was below4％.The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of corn bran was the highest, which was 58.71％, followed by wheat bran, which was 36.37％, the NDF content of barley was 24.43％, the NDF content of sorghum, wheat and corn was 11％ to 16％, and the NDF content of brown rice was the lowest, which was 6.54％.The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content of wheat bran and corn bran was 10.93％ and 16.28％, respectively, and theADF content of other energy feeds was below 5％.Among all energy feeds, the ether extract (EE) content of corn was the highest, which was 4.11％, and brown rice had the lowest EE content, which was 1.16％.2) The DCP content of energy feeds was 38.49 to 130.29 g/kg.The DCP content of corn bran, barley and wheat bran were higher, which were 130.29, 117.50 and 114.16 g/kg, respectively, and the difference in DCP content of the three feeds was not significant (P> 0.05) .The DCP content of corn was the lowest, which was38.49 g/kg, and was significantly lower than that of other energy feeds (P 0.05) .The digestive energy (DE) and metabolic energy (ME) were higher in sorghum, brown rice and corn, and there was no significant difference among the three feeds (P>0.05) , among which the highest DE and ME of sorghum were 17.76 and 15.46 MJ/kg, respectively.The DE and ME of wheat, barley and corn bran were medium, and the DE and ME of wheat bran were the lowest, which were 13.83 and 11.25 MJ/kg, respectively.In conclusion, the data about nutrient contents of common energy feeds for semi-fine-wool sheep are somewhat different from the values of Tables of Feed Composition and Nutritive Values in China (2017) .Therefore, in practice, accurate determinations of nutrient contents of feeds must be performed one by one to precisely formulated diets.In terms of the quality of digestible crude protein, corn bran has the best quality, followed by barley and wheat bran, followed by brown rice, wheat and sorghum, and the quality of corn is the worst.From the perspective of energy quality of energy feeds, the quality of sorghum, brown rice and corn are higher, wheat, barley, and corn bran are poor, wheat bran is the worst.%本试验旨在采用概略养分分析法测定半细毛羊7种能量饲料原料 (玉米、小麦麸、小麦、大麦、糙米、玉米皮和高粱) 的营养成分含量, 并通过消化代谢试验结合套算法实测饲料原料的可消化粗蛋白质 (DCP) 含量和有效能值.试验选取16只24月龄、平均体重为 (55.61±5.33) kg的云南半细毛羊, 采用完全随机设计, 平均分为4组, 每组4只.试验共分2期进行, 共8种饲粮, 分别为基础饲粮和7种试验饲粮, 每期饲喂4种饲粮.每期试验10 d, 其中预试期5 d, 正试期5 d.结果表明:1) 小麦麸和玉米皮的粗蛋白质 (CP) 含量较高, 为16％左右, 高粱、小麦、糙米和大麦的CP含量介于10％～14％, 玉米的CP含量最低, 为8.63％.小麦麸和玉米皮的粗纤维 (CF) 含量分别为8.74％和13.77％, 其余能量饲料原料的CF含量均在4％以下;玉米皮的中性洗涤纤维 (NDF) 含量最高, 为58.71％, 其次是小麦麸, 为36.37％, 大麦为24.43％, 高粱、小麦和玉米的NDF含量介于11％～16％, 糙米的NDF含量最低, 为6.54％;小麦麸和玉米皮的酸性洗涤纤维 (ADF) 含量分别为10.93％和16.28％, 其余能量饲料原料的ADF含量均在5％以下.在所有能量饲料原料中, 玉米的粗脂肪 (EE) 含量最高, 为4.11％, 糙米的EE含量最低, 为1.16％.2) 能量饲料原料的DCP含量介于38.49～130.29 g/kg, 玉米皮、大麦和小麦麸的DCP含量较高, 分别为130.29、117.50和114.16 g/kg, 且3种原料之间差异不显著 (P> 0.05) .玉米的DCP含量最低, 为38.49 g/kg, 显著低于其他能量饲料原料的DCP含量 (P0.05) .高粱、糙米和玉米的消化能 (DE) 和代谢能 (ME) 较高, 且3种原料之间差异不显著 (P>0.05) , 其中高粱的DE和ME最高, 分别为17.76和15.46 MJ/kg.小麦、大麦和玉米皮的DE和ME居中, 小麦麸的DE和ME最低, 分别为13.83和11.25 MJ/kg.综上所述, 本研究所测半细毛羊常用能量饲料原料的营养成分部分数据与《中国饲料成分及营养价值表 (2017年第28版) 》中数值有一定差异, 因此在实践中, 为了精准配制饲粮, 需要逐一准确测定各种饲料原料的营养成分含量.从DCP品质来说, 玉米皮品质最佳, 其次是大麦和小麦麸, 之后是糙米、小麦和高粱, 玉米品质最差;从能量饲料供能的角度来说, 高粱、糙米和玉米品质较好, 小麦、大麦和玉米皮较差, 小麦麸最差.
