摘要：
Transition metal carbides or nitrides (MXenes)are novel 2D materials which have the graphene-like structure.They have a unique layered structure,good conductivity and stability,which have been wide-ly used such as in energy storage,catalysis,adsorption,photoelectric field,and so on.However,besides the preparation of 2D Tin+1Cn,the study of synthesis of other MXenes is just started.In this work,a meth-od named"excessive aluminum and limited carbon"is presented,which is suitable for preparation for a vari-ety of precursors (MAlC).After an etching process with HF acid,a variety of MXenes are fabricated.The factors affecting the final products during the whole process are studied.The results reveal that,for the synthesis of Nb2AlC and Mo2AlC,the high purity products can be obtained when the molar ratio of element atoms is 2:1.2:0.98 or 2:1.3:0.97.Subsequently,Nb2Cene and Mo2Cene with high purity can be prepared when the precursors endure an etching process with HF acid at the temperature of 50 °C for 30 h and 34 h,respectively.%过渡金属碳化物或氮化物(MXenes)是一种类石墨烯结构的新型二维材料,具有独特的层状结构,良好的导电性和稳定性,在储能、催化、吸附、光电等领域有广泛应用.但迄今为止,除了二维Tin+1Cn的制备比较成熟外,其他MXenes的制备方法研究尚刚刚起步.该文采用"过铝欠碳"的方法,合成多种前驱物MAlC,再通过HF酸刻蚀层间的Al原子制备了多种MXenes,探索了合成参数对最终产物的影响.实验表明,对于Nb2AlC和Mo2AlC的合成,元素原子物质的量比分别为2:1.2:0.98和2:1.3:0.97时,可以得到高纯产物;Nb2AlC和Mo2AlC的刻蚀,用质量浓度为50%的HF酸在50°C下分别刻蚀30 h和34 h后,可以得到高纯Nb2Cene和Mo2Cene.
