lipid

摘要： Objective To explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of the vitamin D receptor gene(VDR)with circulating lipids considering gender differences.Methods Of the Han Chinese adults recruited from a health examination center for inclusion in the study,the circulating lipids,25-hydroxyvitamin D(25OHD),and other parameters were measured.The VDR SNPs of Cdx2(rs11568820),Fok1(rs2228570),Apa1(rs7975232),and Taq1(rs731236)were genotyped with a qPCR test using blood DNA samples,and their associations with lipids were analyzed using logistic regression.Results In the female participants(n=236 with dyslipidemia and 888 without dyslipidemia),multiple genotype models of Fok1 indicated a positive correlation of B(not A)alleles with LDLC level(P<0.05).In the male participants(n=299 with dyslipidemia and 564 without dyslipidemia),the recessive model of Cdx2 and the additive and recessive models of Fok1 differed(P<0.05)between the HDLC-classified subgroups,respectively,and Fok1 BB and Cdx2 TT presented interactions with 25OHD in the negative associations with HDLC(P<0.05).Conclusion In the Chinese Han adults included in the study,the Fok1 B-allele of VDR was associated with higher LDLC in females,and the Fok1 B-allele and the Cdx2 T-allele of VDR were associated with lower HDLC in males.The interaction of VD and Fok1 BB or Cdx2 TT in males synergistically decreased HDLC levels.

摘要： Metabolic remodeling is a key feature of cancer development.Knowledge of cancer metabolism has greatly expanded since the first observation of abnormal metabolism in cancer cells,the so-called Warburg effect.Malignant cells tend to modify cellular metabolism to favor specialized fermentation over the aerobic respiration usually used by most normal cells.Thus,targeted cancer therapies based on reprogramming nutrient or metabolite metabolism have received substantial attention both conceptually and in clinical practice.In particular,the management of nutrient availability is becoming more attractive in cancer treatment.In this review,we discuss recent findings on tumor metabolism and potential dietary interventions based on the specific characteristics of tumor metabolism.First,we present a comprehensive overview of changes in macronutrient metabolism.Carbohydrates,amino acids,and lipids,are rewired in the cancer microenvironment individually or systematically.Second,we summarize recent progress in cancer interventions applying different types of diets and specific nutrient restrictions in pre-clinical research or clinical trials.

摘要： Background: Japanese women’s body mass index (BMI) was known to be the lowest among people in OECD countries. We wanted to compare foods intakes and relationships between intakes of particular food species and BMI. Methods: We asked young and middle-aged women to participate and used a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) to know the amounts of various food species they took. Results: Weights and BMI of young and middle-aged women were not different. Middle-aged women took almost all species of foods and energy more than young women. Except for cholesterol of soluble dietary fibers, there was no correlation between foods intakes and BMI. Conclusion: Both young and middle-aged Japanese women are lean (BMI;around 22). Middle-aged women took more energy, and proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids compared with young women. Middle-aged women spend more energy on house workings than young women in Japan.

摘要： Objective To explore the association between lipid profiles and left ventricular hypertrophy in a Chinese general population.Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the relationship between lipid markers[including triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,non-HDL-cholesterol,apolipoprotein A-I,apolipoprotein B,lipoprotein[a],and composite lipid profiles]and left ventricular hypertrophy.A total of 309,400 participants of two populations(one from Beijing and another from nationwide)who underwent physical examinations at different health management centers between 2009 and 2018 in China were included in the cross-sectional study.7,475 participants who had multiple physical examinations and initially did not have left ventricular hypertrophy constituted a longitudinal cohort to analyze the association between lipid markers and the new-onset of left ventricular hypertrophy.Left ventricular hypertrophy was measured by echocardiography and defined as an end-diastolic thickness of the mterventricular septum or left ventricle posterior wall>11 mm.The Logistic regression model was used in the cross-sectional study.Cox model and Cox model with restricted cubic splines were used in the longitudinal cohort.Results In the cross-sectional study for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[odds ratio(OR):1.2S0,95%CI:1.060 to 1.474],HDL-cholesterol(OR:0.780,95%CI:0.662 to 0.918),and lipoprotein(a)(OR:1.311,95%C7:1.115 to 1.541)had an association with left ventricular hypertrophy.In the longitudinal cohort,for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker at the baseline compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[hazard ratio(HR):3.277,95%C/:1.720 to 6.244],HDL-cholesterol(HR:0.516,95%C7:0.283 to 0.940),non-HDL-cholesterol(HR:2.309,95%C/:1.296 to 4.112),apolipoprotein B(HR:2.244,95%CI:1.251 to 4.032)showed an association with new-onset left ventricular hypertrophy.In the Cox model with forward stepwise selection,triglycerides were the only lipid markers entered into the final model.Conclusion Lipids levels,especially triglycerides,are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.Controlling triglycerides level potentiate to be a strategy in harnessing cardiac remodeling but deserve to be furdier investigated.

摘要： This work aimed to clarify the interaction between the fetus and pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),the lipid metabolomics analysis of the fetal umbilical cord blood of GDM patients and normal pregnant women were performed to screen out the specific lipid metabolites for pathogenesis of GDM.From 2019–2020,21 patients with GDM and 22 normal pregnant women were enrolled in Hexian Memorial Hospital,Panyu District,Guangzhou.The general information such as weight,height,age,body mass index(BMI)before pregnancy were analyzed.Non-targeted metabonomic detection and analysis were performed in umbilical cord plasma using LCMS method.The age,BMI,delivery methods,and infant weight were different between GDM and control.There were 167 lipid metabolites in umbilical cord blood associated with GDM.Among them,158 upregulated and 9 downregulated in GDM.There were 13 dysregulated metabolites with C<30,including Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines LPC 16:0,18:2,18:1,18:0,20:4 and 22:6,glycerophosphocholines PC O-16:1,oleoylcarnitine CAR 18:2 and 18:1,dihexosylceramides Hex2Cer 13:0;2O,phosphatidylethanolamine PE O-22:6_2:0 and PE O-22:6_3:0 and sphingomyelin SM 8:0;2O/11:0.Those metabolites were associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism.Therefore,Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines,glycerophosphocholines,oleoylcarnitine,dihexosylceramides,phosphatidylethanolamine,and sphingomyelin were main lipid metabolites of GDM,which might be used for diagnosis and treatment of GDM.

摘要： In mammals,lipoprotein lipase(LPL)has been found to play an important role in lipid mentalismand deposition.LPL deficiency in humans(Homo sapiens)and mice(Mus musculus)tends to cause hypertriglyceridemia.The lpl gene is not expressed in adult mammalian liver,but is in adult fish liver.The functions provided by the lpl gene are diverse in vertebrates.Here,we knocked out the lpl gene in Japanese medaka(Oryzias latipes)with the CRISPR/Cas9 system.The lpl-knockout(KO)homozygous individuals showed severe developmental defects with an extremely emaciated and deformedbody and onlyaccounted for about5%of the F2fish.This is consistentwiththefindings inmicebut disaccords with the results for zebrafish(Danio rerio).Compared with wild-type(WT)madaka,the mRNA level of lpl in lpl-KO heterozygous mutant was significantly higher in the muscle,showed no significant difference in the liver,and was significantly lower in the heart.Under lpl heterozygous deficiency,the relative area of Oil RedO and triglycerides(TG)level in the liver,heart and muscle tissue covaried with levels of lpl mRNA in medaka.The lpl heterozygous deficiency did not affect the levelsofTG,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC)in the plasma of medaka,which is inconsistent with the findings in mammals.In general,the lpl gene plays an important role in the growth and development and is closely related to lipid deposition of medaka.

摘要： Objective:To explore the effect of Persea americana supplementation on inflammation,oxidative stress,and lipid profiles in ovariectomized rats fed with a high-fat diet and exposed to radiation.Methods:The control group was sham operated,while groups 2-5 were ovariectomized and fed a high-fat diet.Groups 4 and 5 were exposed toγ-radiation(1 Gy/week for 5 weeks)after ovariectomy.Groups 3 and 5 were treated with 1 mL/250 g/day of Persea americana for one month.Serum levels of estrogen,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,cholesterol,triglycerides and lipoproteins were measured.Additionally,hepatic oxidative stress,inflammatory and fibrogenic markers were evaluated.Results:Persea americana treatment reduced the oxidative stress markers as well as the levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,which in turn lowered hepatic fat accumulation.Moreover,it suppressed hepatic inflammatory mediators(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and C-reactive protein)and downregulated pro-fibrogenic markers(transforming growth factor-βand tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1).Conclusions:Persea americana provides protection against ovariectomy,and gamma radiation-mediated hepatic inflammation not only through its antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,lipid-lowering effect but also by modulating the fibrogenic markers.

摘要： BACKGROUND Lipids increase the risk of sleep apnea;however,the causality between them is still inconclusive.AIM To explore the causal relationship between serum lipids and sleep apnea using two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)data related to serum lipids were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium study,which included 188578 individuals of European ancestry.Additionally,sleep apnea-related SNP data were collected from the United Kingdom Biobank study,which comprised 463005 individuals of European ancestry.Two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the causality between serum lipids and sleep apnea based on the above public data.RESULTS Genetically predicted low-density lipoprotein(odds ratio[OR]=0.99,95%confidence interval[CI]=0.99 to 1.00;P=0.58),high-density lipoprotein(OR=0.99,95%CI=0.99 to 1.00;P=0.91),triglyceride(OR=1.00,95%CI=0.99 to 1.00;P=0.92),and total cholesterol(OR=0.99,95%CI=0.99 to 1.00;P=0.33)were causally unrelated to sleep apnea.CONCLUSION Our MR analysis suggests that genetically predicted serum lipids are not risk factors of sleep apnea.

摘要： Male muskrats(Ondatra zibethicus L.)secrete musk from their scent glands during musk secretion season.Musk plays an important role as a communication pheromone during the breeding season.In this study,gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS)was used to analyze the main components of musk.The GC–MS results after methyl esterification showed that 71.55%of the musk is composed of fatty acids.The other components of muskrat musk include cholesterol(9.31%)and other organics.Transcriptome comparison between musk secretion and non-secretion seasons showed significant changes in the scent glands for 53 genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and metabolism regulatory pathways,which include fatty acid biosynthesis,elongation,and metabolism;steroid biosynthesis;steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways.A reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed these detected changes.Overall,our results indicated that lipid synthesis and metabolism play important roles in musk compound synthesis by providing energy for musk production,and the produced musk provides a mechanism for male muskrats to communicate with females during the breeding season.

摘要： To explore interleukin-6(IL-6)production and characterize lipid accumulation in L02 hepatocytes induced by sodium oleate.L02 hepatocytes were incubated with 0,37.5,75,150,300,600,or 1,200μmol/L sodium oleate for 24 h,and the supernatant was collected to detect the concentration of IL-6.L02 hepatocytes were incubated with 300,150,75,or 0μmol/L sodium oleate for 0–24 h.The supernatant was collected for detection of IL-6 and free fatty acids.L02 hepatocytes treated with 300μmol/L sodium oleate for 0–24 h were stained with Oil Red O.With extended sodium oleate incubation time,IL-6 levels increased,and free fatty acids decreased.After 24 h incubation,IL-6 levels increased as sodium oleate increased from 37.5 to 300μmol/L(P<0.05 for 37.5μmol/L,P<0.01 for 75μmol/L and P<0.001 for concentrations 150μmol/L or higher).Lipid accumulation increased as the sodium oleate concentration and incubation time increased.Oil Red O staining intensified with incubation time extending beyond 2 h.IL-6 production and lipid accumulation in L02 hepatocytes are influenced by sodium oleate in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

摘要： Three wheat samples,Karl (American Hard Wheat with strong gluten),Jagger (American Hard Wheat with weak gluten) and Zimai 12 (Chinese Soft Wheat with weak gluten)and their defatted flours,obtained after lipids were extracted by chloroform,were used in this research to investigate the function of lipid on physicochemical properties and Mantou-making quality of wheat flour.Microstructure and thermal properties of these samples were measured by SEM and DSC respectively.The defatted flour had more single starch granules and higher gelatinization enthalpy than untreated samples.Rheologicai properties were determined by Farinograph,Rapid-Vasico Analyser and Mixolab.Contrasted with the untreated sample,defatted flour had a higher water absorption,longer pasting peak time,higher peak and hold viscosity,but lower setback and breakdown.Characteristics of the first two stage of Mixolab,dough development and protein reduction,didn't show evident difference except for water absorption.A distinct variation during the other three stages,starch gelatinization,amylasic activity and starch gelling were observed.It illustrated that defatted flour had a higher maximum consistency during starch gelatinization,a lower amylasic activity and a higher consistency value as dough temperature cooled down.The protein network of defatted samples denatured more rapidly.C-CELL technology and Textural Analyser were used to test internal grain and texture of Mantou.It showed that volume of Mantou made from defatted flour did not change obviously,but the crumb grain was poorer,showing bigger cell diameter,less cell number and thicker cell wall comparing to the untreated samples.These experiments demonstrated that lipid may play a more important role on starch-lipid matrix than protein-lipid matrix in dough and could influence Mantou-making quality of wheat flour.

摘要： 本发明提供一种EMR‑Lipid前处理技术结合超高效液相测定干酪中山梨酸含量的方法。包括：1)将山梨酸标准系列工作溶液分别注入超高效液相色谱仪中，测定相应的峰面积，外标法定量，以标准工作液的浓度为横坐标，以峰面积为纵坐标，绘制标准曲线；2)称取试样，加水溶解，超声处理，冷却至室温，加入乙腈，加水定容，混匀，过滤，取滤液，得到提取液；3)使提取液流过EMR‑Lipid固相萃取柱，收集流出液，膜过滤；4)采用与步骤1)相同的色谱条件对步骤3)所得滤液进行超高效液相色谱测定，将测得的峰面积带入步骤1)中的标准曲线，计算，得到试样中山梨酸的含量。本发明使用了商品化的固相萃取小柱进行前处理，操作简单，检测准确性高。

摘要： 本发明公开了与大肠杆菌脂质A特异性结合的多肽及其在抑制革兰氏阴性菌中的应用。该多肽的氨基酸序列为序列表中的SEQIDNo.1。本发明的多肽能够通过与脂质A结合从而特异性抑制革兰氏阴性菌，达到抗革兰氏阴性菌感染的效应，该多肽具有低或无溶血性，在128μg/mL浓度时，其溶血率为0.4％。针对大肠杆菌，本发明的多肽与小檗碱联合用药的FIC指数值为0.34，具有协同抑菌效应，且联合用药时无溶血性和低细胞毒性。本发明的多肽或其药用盐及其衍生物可以作为新的抑菌制剂，尤其可与小檗碱联合用药，可应用于开发抑菌药物。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种Lipid X中间体及其制备方法。本发明具体提供了如式5所示化合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：有机溶剂中，在碱和缩合剂的存在下，将如式3所示化合物与如式4所示化合物进行如下所示的缩合反应，即可。本发明公开的Lipid X中间体结构新颖，以其为原料合成的产物收率较高。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种Lipid X及其中间体的制备方法、其中间体。本发明具体提供了一种如式9所示化合物的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：(1)将混合物A与锂试剂混合；所述的混合物A包括有机溶剂、如式8所示化合物和含磷试剂；(2)将所述的如式8所示化合物和所述的含磷试剂进行如下所示的反应，即可。本发明公开的Lipid X的合成路线新颖，且收率较高。

摘要： 一种用于氧化5‑羟甲基糠醛(5‑HMF)的方法，涉及含有CeO2和多金属氧酸盐的双分子层纳米纤维催化剂在氧化5‑羟甲基糠醛的用途。催化剂为POMs@lipid(n)/CeO2双分子层纳米纤维，将多酸固载到双分子层修饰的CeO2纳米纤维表面，以此为催化剂加入含有5‑HMF的溶液中，并通入氧气，一定的温度和时间下，5‑HMF的转化率可以达到80～100％，生成2，5‑二甲酰基呋喃的产率可以达到50～90％。