摘要：
目的：总结超声对外伤引起内脏损伤的诊断价值及诊断经验。方法：收治外伤患者120例，选用彩色多普勒超声仪和超声诊断仪，检查患者的肝脏、胆囊、胰、肾、脾脏等部位，对各脏器进行观察。结果：120例外伤患者经超声诊断手术证实为外伤引起内脏损伤42例。肝损伤16例，由于外伤形成的血肿多表现为低回声或无回声区。脾脏损伤13例，声像图表现为包膜不光滑、膜破裂出血，形态不规则，回声不均匀。肾损伤7例，声像图表现为回声不均匀，肾体积增大，且形态不规则，同时还存在边界不规则的无回声暗区。肠破裂4例，超声主要表现为腹腔内气体较多，肠蠕动性较差，可以探查到液性暗区，液体较为浑浊，且伴有点状强回声。膀胱破裂2例，超声主要表现：膀胱的充盈度较差，膀胱壁断续、表面不光滑，积液较深。结论：超声对外伤引起内脏损伤具有敏感、快速、无痛、诊断率高等优点。%Objective:To sum up the diagnostic value and diagnostic experience of ultrasound in visceral injury caused by trauma. Methods:120 cases of trauma patients were selected,using color Doppler ultrasound and ultrasound diagnostic apparatus,we examined the patients' liver,gallbladder,pancreas,kidney,spleen and other parts of the patient,and the above organs were observed. Results:42 cases of visceral injury caused by trauma were confirmed by ultrasound diagnosis in 120 patients with trauma.16 cases of liver injury,due to the formation of the hematoma of trauma,ultrasound often showed low echo or no echo area.Splenic injury in 13 cases,sonography showed that the film was not smooth,membrane rupture and bleeding, irregular shape,uneven echo.Renal injury in 7 cases,sonogram showed uneven echo,the volume of the kidney increased,and the shape was irregular,and there was an irregular echo free area.Intestinal rupture in 4 cases,ultrasound mainly showed that the abdominal gas more,poor bowel motility, we could explore the liquid dark area,the liquid was more turbid,and accompanied by a strong echo.Bladder rupture in 2 cases, ultrasound mainly showed:the bladder filling degree was poor,the bladder wall was intermittent,the surface was not smooth,the fluid depth was deeper.Conclusion:Ultrasound is sensitive,rapid,painless and with high diagnostic rate in trauma induced visceral injury.
