imaging

摘要： In recent years,there has been a significant transformation in the field of incoherent imaging with new possibilities of compressing three-dimensional(3D)information into a two-dimensional intensity distribution without two-beam interference(TBI).Most of the incoherent 3D imagers without TBI are based on scattering by a random phase mask exhibiting sharp autocorrelation and low cross-correlation along the depth.Consequently,during reconstruction,high lateral and axial resolutions are obtained.Imaging based on scattering requires an astronomical photon budget and is therefore precluded in many power-sensitive applications.In this study,a proof-of-concept 3D imaging method without TBI using deterministic fields has been demonstrated.A new reconstruction method called the Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm has been developed for this imaging concept.We believe that the proposed approach will cause a paradigm-shift in the current state-of-the-art incoherent imaging,fluorescence microscopy,mid-infrared fingerprinting,astronomical imaging,and fast object recognition applications.

摘要： Bleeding per rectum in children can be seen in congenital as well as acquired conditions that may require medical or surgical management.The present review article is aimed to discuss the imaging findings of some common and uncommon causes of bleeding per rectum in children.

摘要： BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system.More than 80%of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma are not diagnosed until late stage and have distant or local metastases.AIM To investigate the value of computed tomography(CT)perfusion imaging in the evaluation of angiogenesis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients.METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study.Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and volunteers without pancreatic diseases underwent CT perfusion imaging from December 2014 to August 2017 in Huashan Hospital,Fudan University Shanghai,China.RESULTS A total number of 35 pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients and 33 volunteers were enrolled.The relative blood flow(r BF),and relative blood volume(r BV)were significantly lower in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma than in the control group(P<0.05).Conversely,the relative permeability in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in controls(P<0.05).In addition,r BF,r BV,and the vascular maturity index(VMI)were significantly lower in gradeⅢ-Ⅳpancreatic adenocarcinoma than in gradeⅠ-Ⅱpancreatic adenocarcinoma(P<0.05).Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),CD105-MVD,CD34-MVD,and angiogenesis rate(AR)were significantly higher in gradeⅢ-Ⅳpancreatic adenocarcinoma than in gradeⅠ-Ⅱpancreatic adenocarcinoma(P<0.05).Significant correlations between r BF and VEGF,CD105-MVD,AR,and VMI(P<0.01)were observed.Moreover,the levels of r BV were statistically significantly correlated with those of VEGF,CD105-MVD,CD34-MVD,and VMI(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Perfusion CT imaging may be an appropriate approach for quantitative assessment of tumor angiogenesis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

摘要： Background:We test a deep learning(DL)supported remote diagnosis approach to detect diabetic retinopathy(DR)and other referable retinal pathologies using ultra-wide-field(UWF)Optomap.Methods:Prospective,non-randomized study involving diabetic patients seen at endocrinology clinics.Non-expert imagers were trained to obtain non-dilated images using UWF Primary.Images were graded by two retina specialists and classified as DR or incidental retinal findings.Cohen’s kappa was used to test the agreement between the remote diagnosis and the gold standard exam.A novel DL model was trained to identify the presence or absence of referable pathology,and sensitivity,specificity and area under the receiver operator characteristics curve(AUROC)were used to assess its performance.Results:A total of 265 patients were enrolled,of which 241 patients were imaged(433 eyes).The mean age was 50±17 years,45%of patients were female,34%had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1,and 66%of type 2.The average Hemoglobin A1c was 8.8±2.3%,and 81%were on Insulin.Of the 433 images,404(93%)were gradable,64 patients(27%)were referred to a retina specialist,and 46(19%)were referred to comprehensive ophthalmologist for a referable retinal pathology on remote diagnosis.Cohen’s kappa was 0.58,indicating moderate agreement.Our DL algorithm achieved an accuracy of 82.8%(95%CI:80.3-85.2%),a sensitivity of 81.0%(95%CI:78.5-83.6%),specificity of 73.5%(95%CI:70.6-76.3%),and AUROC of 81.0%(95%CI:78.5-83.6%).Conclusions:UWF Primary can be used in the non-ophthalmology setting to screen for referable retinal pathology and can be successfully supported by an automated algorithm for image classification.

摘要： Artificial intelligence(AI)is a branch of computer science where machines are trained to imitate human-level intelligence and perform well-defined tasks.AI can provide accurate results as well as analyze vast amounts of data that cannot be analyzed via conventional statistical methods.AI has been utilized in pulmonary medicine for almost two decades and its utilization continues to expand.AI can help in making diagnoses and predicting outcomes in pulmonary diseases based on clinical data,chest imaging,lung pathology,and pulmonary function testing.AI-based applications enable physicians to use enormous amounts of data and improve their precision in the treatment of pulmonary diseases.Given the growing role of AI in pulmonary medicine,it is important for practitioners caring for patients with pulmonary diseases to understand how AI can work in order to implement it into clinical practices and improve patient care.The goal of this mini-review is to discuss the use of AI in pulmonary medicine and imaging in cases of obstructive lung disease,interstitial lung disease,infections,nodules,and lung cancer.

摘要： Early detection of pancreatic cancer has long eluded clinicians because of its insidious nature and onset.Often metastatic or locally invasive when symptomatic,most patients are deemed inoperable.In those who are symptomatic,multi-modal imaging modalities evaluate and confirm pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.In asymptomatic patients,detected pancreatic lesions can be either solid or cystic.The clinical implications of identifying small asymptomatic solid pancreatic lesions(SPLs)of<2 cm are tantamount to a better outcome.The accurate detection of SPLs undoubtedly promotes higher life expectancy when resected early,driving the development of existing imaging tools while promoting more comprehensive screening programs.An imaging tool that has matured in its reiterations and received many image-enhancing adjuncts is endoscopic ultrasound(EUS).It carries significant importance when risk stratifying cystic lesions and has substantial diagnostic value when combined with fine needle aspiration/biopsy(FNA/FNB).Adjuncts to EUS imaging include contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS and EUS-elastography,both having improved the specificity of FNA and FNB.This review intends to compile all existing enhancement modalities and explore ongoing research around the most promising of all adjuncts in the field of EUS imaging,artificial intelligence.

摘要： BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare malignant tumor.It has no specific clinical manifestations and commonly occurs in the head and neck,extremities and other body parts,with the liver not as its predisposing site.CASE SUMMARY We report a case report of a 58-year-old man with right upper abdominal pain for 11 d.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT),CE magnetic resonance imaging and CE ultrasound(US)all showed a cystic-solid mass in the right liver.As the initial clinical diagnosis was hepatic cystadenoma,surgical resection was performed,and the postoperative pathology indicated hepatic LGMS.The 3-mo follow-up showed favorable recovery of the patient.However,at 7-mo follow-up,two-dimensional US and CECT showed a suspected metastatic lesion in the rightmiddle abdomen.CONCLUSION Hepatic MS is particularly rare and easily misdiagnosed,more cases will contribute to the understanding and the diagnosis accuracy.

摘要： Objective:Kidney cancers account for approximately 2%of all newly diagnosed cancer in 2020.Among the primary treatment options for kidney cancer,urologist may choose between radical or partial nephrectomy,or ablative therapies.Nowadays,robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN)for the management of renal cancers has gained popularity,up to being considered the gold standard.However,RAPN is a challenging procedure with a steep learning curve.Methods:In this narrative review,different imaging technologies used to guide and aid RAPN are discussed.Results:Three-dimensional visualization technology has been extensively discussed in RAPN,showing its value in enhancing robotic-surgery training,patient counseling,surgical planning,and intraoperative guidance.Intraoperative imaging technologies such as intracorporeal ultrasound,near-infrared fluorescent imaging,and intraoperative pathological examination can also be used to improve the outcomes following RAPN.Finally,artificial intelligence may play a role in the field of RAPN soon.Conclusion:RAPN is a complex surgery;however,many imaging technologies may play an important role in facilitating it.

摘要： Introduction: Fibromyomas are benign tumours of frequent uterine location, most often found in black women, whose diagnosis of certainty is histological. The extra uterine location is rare and the physio-pathogenesis is poorly understood. This location poses diagnostic problems on imaging. Management is based on tumour resection. Observation: The authors report a clinical case of a 31-year-old woman who was seen for non-febrile hypogastric pain with a large abdominopelvic mass on physical examination. There was no particular history. The biology did not show any abnormality. Ultrasound with Doppler found a mass that was difficult to characterize, and was completed by a CT scan and a pelvic MRI. The management was surgical with an evolution marked by complications. Conclusion: Ectopic leiomyoma is a rare condition. This location poses diagnostic problems on imaging. Management depends on the type of extra uterine presentation of the myoma.

摘要： Potassium carbonate-based sorbents are prospective materials for direct air capture(DAC).In the present study,we examined and revealed the influence of the temperature swing adsorption(TSA)cycle conditions on the CO_(2) sorption properties of a novel aerogel-based K_(2)CO_(3)/ZrO_(2) sorbent in a DAC process.It was shown that the humidity and temperature drastically affect the sorption dynamic and sorption capacity of the sorbent.When a temperature at the sorption stage was 29°C and a water vapor pressure P_(H2O) in the feed air was 5.2 mbar(1 bar=105 Pa),the composite material demonstrated a stable CO_(2) sorption capacity of 3.4%(mass).An increase in sorption temperature leads to a continuous decrease in the CO_(2) absorption capacity reaching a value of 0.7%(mass)at T=80°C.The material showed the retention of a stable CO_(2) sorption capacity for many cycles at each temperature in the range.Increasing PH2O in the inlet air from 5.2 to 6.8 mbar leads to instability of CO_(2) sorption capacity which decreases in the course of 3 consecutive TSA cycles from 1.7%to 0.8%(mass)at T=29°C.A further increase in air humidity only facilitates the deterioration of the CO_(2) sorption capacity of the material.A possible explanation for this phenomenon could be the filling of the porous system of the sorbent with solid reaction products and an aqueous solution of potassium salts,which leads to a significant slowdown in the CO_(2) diffusion in the composite sorbent grain.To investigate the regeneration step of the TSA cycle in situ,the macro ATRFTIR(attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared)spectroscopic imaging was applied for the first time.It was shown that the migration of carbonate-containing species over the surface of sorbent occurs during the thermal regeneration stage of the TSA cycle.The movement of the active component in the porous matrix of the sorbent can affect the sorption characteristics of the composite material.The revealed features make it possible to formulate the requirements and limitations that need to be taken into account for the practical implementation of the DAC process using the K_(2)CO_(3)/ZrO_(2) composite sorbent.

摘要： 本发明提供了一种使得Bootrom image和VxWorks image总能够正常编译和运行的方法。该方法通过对VxWorks image和Bootrom image中的RAM_LOW_ADRS和RAM_HIGH_ADRS等相应的地址空间进行重新定义及分配，而且还对改变相关定义后所引起的系统的本身的Memory pool的变化进行相应的处理，使得在以PowerPC系列为CPU的产品中VxWorks image加上Bootrom image的代码长度即使大于32M时，Bootrom image和VxWorks image仍然能正常编译和运行。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于Image Caption的图片存储优化方法，包括以下：构建一种新颖的方式来进行图片类型的判断，设计了一个Image Caption模型将图片中的版式信息提取成对应的html样式信息，通过Image Caption模型将图片中的版式信息提取成对应的HTML(hypertext markup language，超文本标记语言)样式信息。传统的图片保存技术在保存固定样式的图片时(例如身份证、固定模板的文本、小票等)，用户上传的每张图都将作为独立、完整的一张图进行存储，因此随着图片数量的增加，在存储容量上开销也会越来越大，本专利针对这一场景,提出了基于Image Caption的图像存储优化方法，通过去重图片共性部分只保留图片特性的方式，从而可以有效减少图片在存储容量上的开销。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种基于Image J软件进行裂缝形态识别的方法，通过预先采用数字图像相关法得到断裂过程中高速相机连续拍摄的试件材料损伤断裂全过程主应变云图，运用图片分析软件Image J调整阈值和颜色阈值，查找到主应变集中区域(即裂缝所处区域)。采用对主应变集中区域进行同时二值化叠加后骨骼化，采用运动参考点和旋转参考点位置及矢量值，将骨骼化图像代回应变云图进行计算构造矩阵，得到每个开裂状态下的裂缝形态数据，根据pixel/mm比值得到裂缝实际长度值。本发明通过数字图像相关技术实现对裂缝整体形态和长度的测量，提高裂缝定量检测的精确性、减小误差、节约成本和测量时间。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于Image J的碳烟颗粒粒径及面积的测量方法，属于颗粒粒径及面积的测量技术领域领域，本发明以测量颗粒面积为目标，先用photoshop软件去除碳烟颗粒的背景，用Image J打开此图片，设定标尺，框选并复制要测量的面积，然后通过对图片调整不同阈值来选取碳烟区域，最后进行面积测量，大大降低了图像背景色对碳烟颗粒面积测量的影响，使测量结果更加精确；并用record所得代码，对多幅图片进行批量处理，节约测量时间，减少工作量；最后可将测量数据导入origin中，进行做图，使结果更直观。

摘要： 本发明公开了植被研究技术领域的一种利用Image J和Photoshop对植物盖度分析的方法，包括以下步骤：S1：植物盖度图像采集：于草原植被设立长宽各1m的样方，用数码设备从正上方拍摄；S2：盖度图像处理：通过Photoshop软件分别对拍摄的图像进行图像几何畸变矫正和去除图像背景干扰；S3：植物盖度测量：图像在经过所述图像几何畸变矫正和去除图像背景干扰后，进入Image J软件进行分析。使用Image J软件和Photoshop软件联合进行数据分析，简化软件分析处理流程，矫正盖度图像倾斜拍摄造成的图像几何畸变，使其达到即拍即测要求，并且使结果更为准确、客观，从而达到快速量化地表植物盖度变化的目的。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种高危docker‑image禁止启动方法，包括以下步骤：通过Bwins软件获取连接到Linux Docker守护进程；通过守护进程到达控制Linux系统中Docker服务的控制权限；通过docker images命令获取当前docker host所有镜像中安装包版本即系统版本，对比Bwins‑client中的系统及软件漏洞信息，镜像中所有漏洞扫描结果，进行风险归类上传至Bwins‑server；在接受到启动一个Docker镜像命令请求时，Bwins‑client从Bwins‑server获取设置的安全威胁分值占比进行计算镜像安全分值；获取设置的安全启动阈值；对比镜像安全分值与设置的安全启动阈值，借助远程Bash管控机制，进行该镜像的启用或禁用状态操作。本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于：通过Bwins软件，在启动前扫描内容，在流程开始前，了解镜像安全程度，从根本上杜绝自带病毒或漏洞的Docker容器。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种基于Image J的喷雾冷冻涂覆效果的图像分析方法，其包括如下步骤：1)照片的采集：对装有惰性载体颗粒的托盘使用高清相机进行拍摄，保存图片；对空载的托盘进行拍摄，保存图片；2)图像处理过程：利用Image J软件，计算出照片像素点数与毫米之间的数量关系，设置照片的单位长度；将照片中需要处理的部分裁剪出来；将照片颜色分为256种，利用Image J软件将裁剪后的照片转化为8bit图；利用Image J软件将8bit图转化为二值图；统计二值图中黑色区域所占的图像面积比，即得到喷雾冷冻涂覆的投影面积；3)涂覆效果分析。本发明对高清相机拍摄的喷雾冷冻涂覆照片进行处理分析，得到惰性载体颗粒表面涂覆效果，结果可靠、准确客观、操作简单、容易实施。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种加载image的检测方法、系统、设备及可读存储介质，包括将Version ID读取模块添加到每个image原有的逻辑中，使每个image均成为一个新image，并为每个新image配置不同的Version ID；判断逻辑分析仪是否采集到新image的Version ID数据，若是，判定FPGA卡加载新image成功，若否，判定FPGA卡加载新image失败。本发明可以确定FPGA卡是否加载了新image，加载成功后还可以根据逻辑分析仪采集到的新image的Version ID数据确定新image具体为哪个版本的新image，减小了在开发和调试加载系统时定位问题的难度。

摘要： 本发明提供一种VxWorks系统镜像image文件的更新方法及装置，该方法包括：将要更新的VxWorks系统镜像image文件压缩成二进制文件；根据boot引导代码中的启动标志，确定原image文件存储在存储芯片中的哪一区域；将所述二进制文件写入除了存储原image文件的区域之外的其他一区域，并在写入成功后将所述启动标志更新为用于调用所述其他一区域的预设值。该方法能解决现有技术中VxWorks系统镜像image文件更新失败导致系统无法正常启动的问题，可以保证更新image文件时，不管成功失败与否，都能够保证系统的正常启动运行。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种基于X‑ray imaging与Sobel‑SCN的GIS缺陷检测方法，包括：S1、获取GIS设备X射线图像(X‑ray imaging)；S2、对所述图像进行旋转、去噪、增强、二值化预处理；S4、基于Sobel算法提取图像边缘信息；S5、基于数学形态学完善图像边缘轮廓信息；S6、分割图像、标定分割图像重心；S7、构造特征矢量集；S8、采用随机配置网络(Stochastic Configuration Networks,SCN)，将归一化后的特征矢量集作为输入，对所述特征矢量集进行分类，实现GIS缺陷识别。本发明将X射线图像处理技术与SCN算法应用与GIS缺陷检测中，替代巡检人员判别GIS是否存在缺陷，可以提高GIS缺陷检测的质量与效率。