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光敏核不育

光敏核不育的相关文献在1989年到2021年内共计199篇,主要集中在农作物、农业基础科学、遗传学 等领域,其中期刊论文185篇、专利文献35886篇;相关期刊66种,包括植物科学学报、遗传、种子等; 光敏核不育的相关文献由364位作者贡献,包括张自国、李泽炳、元生朝等。

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光敏核不育

-研究学者

  • 张自国
  • 李泽炳
  • 元生朝
  • 曾汉来
  • 李合生
  • 万经猛
  • 李玉珍
  • 童哲
  • 张端品
  • 朱英国
  • 期刊论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 黄俊宝; 曾晓春; 何永明; 向妙莲; 付永琦; 黄友明
    • 摘要: To investigate the change of lipoxygenase( LOX) activity in light and dark periods in photo⁃sen⁃sitive genic male sterile( PGMS) rice,PGMS rice N5088S and D38S,conventional rice Zhongzao25,Yanjing No.7 and Zhongjiazao17,and 3⁃line sterile rice G2A and Dong B11A were cultured in light incubator under different photoperiods ( 12L/12D, 14L/10D and 10L/14D ) and different light/dark ( L/D ) temperature re⁃gimes(30°C/30°C and 30°C/26°C),and the diurnal fluctuations of LOX activity in seedling leaves were an⁃alyzed.Also,the diurnal fluctuations of OsLOXs gene expression were analyzed with real⁃time RT⁃PCR method in PGMS rice.The results indicated that LOX activities in PGMS rice were higher in the dark period and lower in the light period under all the experiment conditions,while in conventional or 3⁃line sterile rice there were no significant differences between the light and dark periods. LOX activities in the dark period were higher in PGMS rice than that in conventional or 3⁃line sterile rice.Among the 13 LOX genes tested,8 OsLOX genes were detected,and the expression levels of OsLOX2, OsLOX3,OsLOX4, OsLOX8 and OsLOX13 trended to be higher in the dark period and lower in the light period in PGMS rice of N5088S and/or D38S under the conditions of 30 °C/26 °C(L/D) and 12L/12D photoperiod.The study leads to a conclusion that seedling leaves of PGMS rice N5088S and D38S have a characterized diurnal fluctuation of a higher level in the dark period and a lower level in the light period in LOX activity and expressions of several OsLOXs.%为探查光敏核不育( PGMS)水稻中脂氧合酶( LOX)活性的光暗期变化特性,以 PGMS水稻 N5088S和D38S、常规水稻中早25、盐粳7号和中嘉早17及三系不育水稻G2A和东B11A为材料,在不同光周期(12L/12D、14L/10D和10L/14D)和光/暗期温度(30°C/30°C和30°C/26°C)下,研究了其幼苗叶片中LOX活性的昼夜变化,并采用RT-PCR方法对PGMS水稻幼苗叶片进行LOX基因的昼夜表达分析。结果表明,在所有光周期和培养温度处理下,PGMS水稻LOX活性均表现出暗期高而光期低的昼夜变化规律,但常规水稻和三系不育水稻的LOX活性均无明显的光暗期差异;暗期PGMS水稻LOX活性显著高于常规水稻和三系不育水稻。在12L/12D光周期和30°C/26°C( L/D)的培养温度下,检测的13个LOX基因中,检测到8个OsLOX基因,Os⁃LOX2、OsLOX3、OsLOX4、OsLOX8和OsLOX13等基因的表达丰度在N5088S和/或D38S幼苗叶片中呈现暗期高光期低的趋势。因此,光敏核不育水稻N5088S和D38S幼苗叶片LOX活性及OsLOX家族的部分基因的表达具有明显的暗期高光期低的变化特征。
    • 张华丽; 陈晓阳; 黄建中; 鄂志国; 龚俊义; 舒庆尧
    • 摘要: Objective]The objective of this study is to identify and reveal the transition of the male sterile gene(s) in photoperiod- and temperature-sensitive genic male sterile (P/TGMS) lines utilized in the two-line hybrid rice system in China.[Method]A total of 90 environment-conditioned genic male sterile (EGMS) lines including descendents of Nonken 58S, Annong S-1 and Zhu 1S, were used in the present study. Genomic DNAs were extracted from rice leaves by modified CTAB. One functional CAPS marker based on the C to G mutation in the long non-coding RNA (lncR) gene was designed for PGMS genotyping; Namely, a pair of primers NK-F (5′-ATCCCACAAATCCTTTAGCA-3′) and NK-R (5′-CCGTTATAGATAGACCCGAGA-3′) were used to amplify segments harboring the mutation site, followed by digestion overnight at 37 with restriction endonuclease°C RsaⅠ and separation on 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Homozygous PGMS allele (lncRm) (329 bp) can be readily distinguished from homozygous wild type (lncRwt) (414 bp) and heterozygous type (lncRm/lncRwt) (414 and 329 bp) based on the sizes of digestion products. For TGMS genotyping, functional dCAPS markers were deployed with the following steps: Two pairs of primers RNZ1F (5′-ACCGCGCCGCCACCGGGTCGGCCGGAG-3′)/RNZR (5′-TGAAGAGGAACTCCTGCGAGACGG-3′), RNZ2F (5′-ACCGC GCCGCCACCGGGTCGGCCCAAG-3′)/RNZR were used to amplify segments harboring the mutation site (SNP-+70TA/TC/GC);Amplified products were digested overnight at 37 with re°C striction endonucleases HinfⅠ and StyⅠ, respectively, and separated on 8% polyacrylamide gels. Homozygous lines with the TGMS allele (RNZm) cannot be digested by these two restriction enzymes; on the other hand, homozygous wild type lines with the alleles of RNZtc or RNZgc, can be digested completely by HinfⅠ and StyⅠ, respectively; heterozygous genotypes, RNZm/RNZtc and RNZm/RNZgc, can be digested incompletely by HinfⅠ and StyⅠ, respectively. By using these functional molecular markers, the PGMS (lncRm) and TGMS (RNZm) genes were identified in commercial EGMS lines that had been utilized in the two-line hybrid rice system. Meanwhile, the transition of P/TGMS genes utilized in two-line hybrid rice production in China (1993-2012) was analyzed according to the information of pedigree and growing area. [Result]Out of the 47 EGMS lines derived from the PGMS line Nongken 58S, 12 lines carry the PGMS gene lncRm, 29 lines have the TGMS gene RNZm, two lines carry both genes, while the remaining four lines contain none of them. All 18 lines derived from Annong S-1 and Zhu 1S carry RNZm gene. All P/TGMS descendants from crosses between a Nongken 58S derivative (Pei’ai 64S) and Annong S-1 carry RNZm gene. In the two lines derived from Pei’ai 64S and Zhu 1S, one carries both genes, the other has RNZm gene. In addition, in 16 EGMS lines with EGMS progenitors independent from Nongken 58S, Annong S-1 and Zhu 1S, six of them have lncRm, nine of them have RNZm gene, while one of them contains neither lncRm nor RNZm gene. A pedigree map with P/TGMS genes was drawn for 92 EGMS lines, including derivatives from Nongken 58S, Annong S-1, Zhu 1S and others. Furthermore, the transition from lncRm-based to RNZm-based two-line hybrid rice production was shown after examination of statistics data of the two-line hybrid rice planting area during 1993-2012, with the RNZm-based hybrids occupying >95% planting area in the two-line hybrid rice production in 2012. [Conclusion]The study systematically revealed the P/TGMS genes in commercial EGMS rice and the presence of discrepancy between pedigree of EGMS lines and their P/TGMS gene. The spontaneous emergence of RNZm can be the reason for the transition from PGMS to TGMS in some EGMS lines derived from Nongken 58S. EGMS lines with RNZm currently dominate the two-line hybrid rice production in China.%【目的】鉴定中国生产上应用的两系不育系所携带的光温敏核不育基因,揭示两系杂交稻光温敏核不育基因的演变过程。【方法】收集光温敏核雄性不育水稻材料共90份,包括农垦58S、安农 S-1和株1S 等衍生系。采用改良 CTAB 法从水稻叶片中提取基因组 DNA,根据光敏不育基因所含突变设计1个功能性 CAPS 标记,用引物NK-F(5′-ATCCCACAAATCCTTTAGCA-3′)和 NK-R(5′-CCGTTATAGATAGACCCGAGA-3′)扩增包含该突变位点的片段,用内切酶 RsaⅠ酶切并检测,可清晰区分纯合光敏不育系(lncR m)(329 bp)、纯合野生型(lncR wt)材料(414 bp)和杂合型(lncR m/lncR wt)材料(414和329 bp)。温敏不育基因 RNZ 的分型则采用功能性 dCAPS 标记 dCAPS-rnz,待测材料分别用引物对 RNZ1F(5′-ACCGCGCCGCCACCGGGTCGGCCGGAG-3′)/RNZR(5′-TGAAGAGGAACTCCTGCGAGACGG-3′)和 RNZ2F (5′-ACCGCGCCGCCACCGGGTCGGCCCAAG-3′)/RNZR 扩增,产物分别用内切酶 HinfⅠ和 StyⅠ酶切,酶切产物经电泳分离检测,纯合温敏不育系(RNZ m)不能被上述2种内切酶所酶切,纯合野生型 RNZ tc和 RNZ gc可分别被HinfⅠ和 StyⅠ完全酶切,而杂合型 RNZm/RNZtc和 RNZm/RNZgc可分别被 HinfⅠ和 StyⅠ不完全酶切。采用上述功能性分子标记鉴定两系不育系所携带的光敏(lncR m)和温敏核不育基因(RNZ m),并结合不育系的系谱信息和中国水稻数据库的年度推广面积数据分析 lncR m 和 RNZ m 在中国两系杂交稻生产中应用的历史与现状。【结果】以农垦58S 为唯一不育基因源的47个两系不育系中,12个携带 lncR m,29个携带 RNZ m,2个同时携带 lncR m和 RNZ m,4个不携带这两个基因;衍生自安农 S-1和株1S 的18个不育系则均携带 RNZ m;由农垦58S 衍生系(如培矮64S)与安农 S-1复交育成的不育系也全部携带 RNZ m;由培矮64S 与株1S 复交育成的2个不育系中1个携带 RNZ m,而另1个则同时携带 lncRm和 RNZm;另外16个与农垦58S、安农 S-1及株1S 无血缘关系的独立起源两系不育系中有6个携带 lncR m,9个携带 RNZ m等位基因,1个(衡农 S-1)则既不携带 lncR m也不带 RNZ m。综合这些不育系携带光温敏基因的鉴定结果,结合不育系选育的系谱资料,绘制了包含92个两系不育系所携带的光温敏基因图。另外,根据这些两系不育系所配制组合的种植面积数据(分品种),发现1993—2012年中国两系杂交稻中不育基因的利用经历了从光敏到温敏的演化过程,携带 RNZm的不育系所配制组合及推广面积在生产中的应用迅速增加,2012年温敏不育系配制的杂交稻已占两系杂交稻种植面积的95%以上,形成了以携带 RNZ m的不育系为主的局面。【结论】系统明晰了中国两系水稻不育系携带的光温敏不育基因及其与品种系谱之间存在的不一致性,从光敏不育系杂交后代中选育出了温敏不育水稻,且携带 RNZ m的不育系已在目前两系杂交稻生产中占绝对主导地位。
    • 杜士云; 王守海; 吴爽; 王辉; 王德正; 郑卫东; 王玲华; 汪邦伦; 周友芝
    • 摘要: [目的]介绍光敏核不育系皖2306S的选育过程、育性表现、抗病性和农艺性状.[方法]以自育的粳稻光敏核不育系皖2312S为母本,与从江苏引进的扬稻9538粳稻品系杂交,经5年8代选择育成粳稻光敏核不育系皖2306S.[结果]20加12年7月27日至8月31日,皖2306S雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率为99.69% ~ 100%,套袋自交结实率0~0.34%,稳定不育期为36 d;9月3~21日表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率为86.04% ~99.35%,套袋自交结实率为6.14%~58.54%.2013年7月29日至9月4日表现雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率为99.50%~ 100%,套袋自交结实率为0~0.27%,稳定不育期38 d.9月6~22日表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率为52.74%~98.24%,套袋自交结实率为0.25%~70.83%.接种鉴定,2306S对稻瘟病抗性综合指数为4.33(MR1),白叶枯病病情指数为54.44(S1).田间种植表现抗稻瘟病和条纹叶枯病.[结论]该不育系的稳定不育期在30d以上,适宜选配中粳组合.
    • 王守海; 杜士云; 吴爽; 王德正; 罗彦长; 李成荃
    • 摘要: [目的]介绍光敏核不育系皖2304S的选育过程、育性表现、抗病性和农艺性状.[方法]以粳稻光敏核不育系7001S为母本,与双九杂交,经4年7代选择育成了粳稻光敏核不育系皖2304S(简称2304S).[结果]2009年8月12~28日,2304S表现雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率99.54%~100,00%,套袋自交结实率0~0.07%;8月31日至9月21日,表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率79.94%~ 99.79%,套袋由交结实率0.56%~28.76%.2010年8月2日至9月1日,表现雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率99.53%~100.00%,套袋自交结实率0~0.36%,稳定不育期31 d;9月3~ 17日,表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率96.38%~99.46%,套袋自交结实0.57%~ 18.82%.长日不育起点温度低于24.0°C.田间种植对水稻条纹叶枯病抗性较强.[结论]该不育系稳定不育期30 d以上,适宜选配中粳组合.%[Objective] The purpose of the research was to introduce the breeding process, fertility performance, disease resistance and agronomic characters of photoperiod sensitive genie male sterile line Wan 2304S, [Methods] With photoperiod sensitive genie male sterile line 7001S in japonica rice as female parent, it was hybridized with Shuangjiu, the photoperiod sensitive genie male sterile line Wan 2304S in japonica rice was bred through selection for 7 generations in 4 years. [ Result] From Aug. 12th to 28th in 2009, Wan 2304S showed male sterility, its pollen abortive rate in microscopic examination was 99.54% - 100.00% , its bagged seed setting rate was 0-0.07%. From Aug. 31st to Sep.21st, it showed male fertility, its pollen abortive rate in microscopic examination was 79.94% -99.79% and its bagged seed setting rate was 0.56% -28.76%. From Aug. 2nd to Sep. 1st in 2010, Wan 2304S showed male sterility, its pollen abortive rate in microscopic examination was 99.53% - 100.00% , its bagged seed setting rate was 0-0. 36% and its steady sterile period was 31 d, from Sep. 3rd to Sep. 17th in 2010, it showed male fertility, its pollen abortive rate in microscopic examination was 96.38% -99.46% and its bagged seed setting rate was 0.57% - 18.82% . Under long photo period, the critical temperature for inducing male sterility was lower than 24 °C. The resistance of Wan 2304S planted in field to rice stripe disease) was stronger. [ Conclusion] The steady sterile period of this sterile line was longer than 30 d, so it was suitable for matching middle japonica combination.
    • 王守海; 吴爽; 杜士云; 王德正; 罗彦长; 李成荃
    • 摘要: [目的]介绍光敏核不育系皖2312S的选育过程、育性表现、抗病性和农艺性状.[方法]以粳稻光敏核不育系7001S为母本,与双九杂交,经6年11代选择育成了粳稻光敏核不育系皖23125.[结果]2007年8月1日至31日,皖2312S表现雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率为99.72%~100.00%,套袋自交结实率为0~0.43%,稳定不育期为31 d;9月3日至14日表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率为74.80%~99.47%,套袋自交结实率为1.43%~9.54%.2008年7月31日至9月1日,皖2312S表现雄性不育,镜检花粉败育率为99.91%~100.00%,套袋自交结实率为0~0.48%,稳定不育期为33 d;9月3日至21日表现雄性可育,镜检花粉败育率为69.99%~99.91%,套袋自交结实率为0.33%~42.75%.田间种植皖2312S对水稻条纹叶枯病的抗性较强.[结论]该不育系的稳定不育期在30d以上,较适宜选配中粳组合.
    • 邱东峰; 田志宏; 杨金松; 张再君; 刘春萍
    • 摘要: 采用经典遗传学方法,对无花粉型核不育系特优占S的育性特征进行了研究.结果表明,特优占S在湖北夏季不育期长,不育期内属无花粉败育型,不育性稳定,可育转换温度在22°C左右,鉴定结果准确可靠,有明显的育性转换过渡期,即育性转换期是从无花粉型、少量花粉且典败、大量花粉且典败、染败、正常染色等逐步过渡的过程,不育期如受到低温的影响,不会直接转化为可育,可以有效避免普通两系杂交种子生产过程中因低温引起的种子纯度降低问题;长时间的低温和短光照条件方可诱导较高的可育性;可恢复性良好,不育性的遗传符合1对隐性核基因的遗传规律.本研究还对生产上利用无花粉型光敏核不育系解决两系杂交稻的难题进行了探索,对特优占S在花粉发育研究和雄性不育的发育研究上的价值进行了讨论.
    • 宁晋宪
    • 摘要: 通过对水稻光敏核不育系沈粳1S和沈粳2S的选育过程和对沈阳地区的环境分析,阐述了水稻光敏核不育技术在沈阳地区应用的可行性,提出了水稻光敏核不育系在沈阳地区应用的关键技术难点,以及解决的方法和有待需要解决的问题.
    • 刘俊飞; 梁满中; 邓力喜; 陈良碧
    • 摘要: 隐性长穗颈性状具有解除雄性不育水稻包颈现象的作用,因此在杂交制种中具有较高的应用价值.以培矮64S为对照,研究了隐性长穗颈光敏核不育水稻长光S最上节间伸长的动态规律,结果表明最上节间伸长的时期为始花前6 d至始花当天.始花前1~3 d为节间快速伸长期,此时期主要由节间中下部细胞大幅度伸长所致.长光S细胞长度与培矮64S细胞长度差异主要体现在节间快速伸长期.花粉正常发育具有促进节间快速伸长期细胞伸长的作用,隐性长穗颈基因与花粉正常发育在促进节间快速伸长期细胞伸长的作用中有互作增效作用.
    • 王守海; 杜士云; 王德正; 李成荃
    • 摘要: 针对粳型核质互作不育系高温自交结实和粳型光敏核不育系低温自交结实的现状,选择BT型核质互作不育系与含有BT型保持基因的粳型光敏核不育系,通过杂交和回交,使雄性核不育基因与核质互作不育基因聚合,育成了粳型光敏核质互作不育系2308SA和2 310SA.该不育系的不育性是由两套相互独立的基因系统控制的,分期播种育性观察结果表明,在长日高温下,雄性光敏核不育隐性纯合基因控制水稻不育性,避免了BT型不育基因因穗期受高温影响而导致不育系自交结实;在长日适温下,水稻不育性由核不育基因和核质互作不育基因共同控制而表现稳定;在低温(低于光敏不育系不育临界温度)或短日适温(日最高气温<32°C)下,BT型核质互作不育基因控制水稻不育性,消除了育性敏感期低温导致核不育系"打摆子"造成杂交种子不纯的风险.还对粳型光敏感核质互作不育系的可恢性、可繁性和配合力进行了研究.
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