earthquake

摘要： I arrived at Caltech as a graduate student in the summer of 1979.With a BSc degree in physics,I knew little to nothing about seismology or geophysics.The Seismo Lab encouraged new students to immediately start some research with a great latitude on what to work on.That summer I started projects relocating aftershocks of the 1978 Oaxaca earthquake with Karen McNally,learning a normal mode code with Bernard Minster,and investigating the source mechanism of the 1979 St.Elias earthquake with Hiroo Kanamori.

摘要： I arrived at Caltech in June 1986,with interests in both mineral physics and seismology.I was excited to either study mineral physics with Professor Tom Ahrens,or investigate great earthquakes with Hiroo Kanamori.Upon arriving,I decided seismology would be my path.I was particularly interested in Hiroo’s work on earthquake size,from some papers I read as an undergraduate(Kanamori,1978,1983).

摘要： You might find it hard to believe,but I went to Caltech’s Seismological Lab for my Ph.D.on a football scholarship.Well,perhaps I should explain.I received my M.S.in Geophysics(Earthquake Seismology)at University of Arizona in 1986,under the tutelage of Terry Wallace(Caltech Ph.D.,1983).Terry worked with Don prior to joining the faculty at the University of Arizona.And there the Helmberger stories began.

摘要： Donald V.Helmberger was an unparalleled observational seismologist,and theoretician.His pioneering work in seismic waveform modeling,and the numerical methods he developed to simulate seismograms to study the structure of the Earth and the nature of earthquake sources have become techniques that are now commonplace.

摘要： Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)provides unique capabilities to map regional/global topography and deformation of the Earth’s surface and has led to a broad spectrum of deformation monitoring applications.In order to adapt to various challenging monitoring environments,researchers have made tremendous innovations to deal with issues such as atmospheric and ionospheric effects,loss of coherence due to large displacements,geometric distortions and unwrapping errors.Owing to recent technical and methodological advances,the Earth’s surface deformation,ranging from earthquake ruptures,volcanic eruptions,landslides,glaciers,to groundwater storage variations,mining subsidence and infrastructure instability can now be mapped anywhere in the world at high spatial and temporal resolutions.This special issue received a set of contributions highlighting recent advances in methodologies and applications of InSAR to ground deformation monitoring.We aim to present overviews of both the state of the art of SAR/InSAR techniques and the next generation of applications across the broad range of deformation monitoring applications.

摘要： Submission of Papers Earthquake Engineering&Engineering Vibration operates an online submission and peer review system that allows authors to submit articles online and track their progress via a web interface.Please visit http://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/eeev and navigate to the Earthquake Engineering&Engineering Vibration online submission site.By using the online form to submit your manuscript,you can minimize the delay until your work will be considered by the Editorial Office and reviewed by the referees.Acceptance for publication is subject to the manuscript being an unpublished work presenting a significant original contribution in earthquake engineering and/or engineering vibration.Submission of a manuscript is taken to imply that it is not being considered for publication elsewhere.The author is responsible for obtaining any necessary permission to publish from contracting agencies involved in the work or from holders of copyrights on material used in the paper.

摘要： Due to high interferometric coherence in the Nevada region,Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)phase stacking is capable of mapping coseismic signals from the 27 January 1999,M w 4.8 Frenchman Flat earthquake.This is one of the smallest earthquakes yet studied using InSAR with line-of-sight displacements as small as~1.5 cm.Modelling the event as dislocation in an elastic half space suggests that the fault centroid was located at(115.96°W,36.81°N)with a precision of 0.2~0.3 km(1σ)at a depth of 3.4±0.2 km.Despite the dense local seismic network in southern Nevada,differences as large as 2~5 km were observed between our InSAR earthquake location and those estimated from seismic data.The InSAR-derived magnitude appeared to be greater than that from seismic data,which is consistent with other studies,and believed to be due to the relatively long time interval of InSAR data.

摘要： Buckling-restrained braces(BRBs)are widely used to improve the seismic performance of buildings.This paper aims to introduce BRBs to suspension bridges and assess the seismic performance of bridges with BRBs.Taking the Dadu River Bridge as a case study,an FEA model of the bridge is established,and different seismic measures(BRBs between the deck and the tower,BRBs at the middle of the span to replace the inclined suspenders to connect the deck and the main cables,fluid viscous dampers(FVDs)between the deck and the tower,the combination of BRBs to replace the inclined suspenders as well as FVDs between the deck and the tower)are applied to the suspension bridge.The influence of the parameters of BRBs on the seismic response of the suspension bridge is studied,and the performance of the bridge with BRBs is compared with that of the bridge with FVDs.The results indicate that the use of BRBs in place of the inclined suspenders is beneficial to reduce the displacement of the deck and limit the shear force and bending moment of the tower.The seismic performance of the suspension bridge with BRBs and FVDs is better than that of the bridge with BRBs or FVDs.Therefore,the application of BRBs is a feasible method to improve the seismic performance of the suspension bridge.

摘要： The young lady who once received a lot of help from society,today is committed to do what she can to contribute to the community.“This is the fifth year I have come to Beijing to attend the annual session of the National People’s Congress(NPC),but I’m just as thrilled today as I was the first time,”said Xu Ping.A 25-year-old young woman from a village which was heavily damaged in the massive Wen-chuan earthquake in 2008.

摘要： Numerous correlations between magnetic and seismic events unambiguously indicate that the magnetic control of the earthquakes is a fundamental phenomenon. It proceeds from the remarkable physics of magneto-plasticity of solids, which implies acceleration of dislocations by microwaves. The motion of dislocations provides release of dangerous elastic energy of the earthquake focus and transforms elastic energy into the safe energy of plastic deformation. Magneto-plasticity seems to be the most important mechanism of the magnetic control because the piezoelectric effect as a suggested mechanism of magnetic control should be excluded (Chelidze et al.). Magnetic control certifies earthquake focus as a receiver of microwaves;on the other side, numerous observations exhibit emission of microwaves generated by earthquake focus, so that it can be considered as a permanent generator of microwaves. The idea of this paper is to offer a mechanism of self-excitation of the focus: self-triggering is suggested to be induced by microwaves generated by earthquake focus itself. The more intensive is the crack formation, the higher is the density of microwaves, which accelerate dislocations and intensify crack formation: it is a feedback breeding, avalanche-like process. Both functions of earthquake focus, to be simultaneously generator and receiver of microwaves, are integrated into the same space and time. It excludes such limitation of the magnetic control as the penetrability of the rocks for microwaves.