摘要：
The experiment was aimed to identify the bacterial distribution and drug resistance situation in deer farm environment form Xifeng county, Liaoning province.We collected manure, water, air and feed samples from deer farm for isolation and identification of bacteria, bacterial count, bacterial 16S rDNA PCR amplification, sequencing analysis, and the pathogenic bacteria and conditional pathogenic bacteria of drug sensitivity test.The results showed that there were 27 strains of bacteria isolated and purified, enumeration of male and female deer's pellet feed, fodder and water were 1.0×105,8.7×104,2.7×107 CFU/g and 2.9×104 CFU/mL, respectively.Description of water and fodder did not conform to the standard of the national health requirements;16S rDNA gene sequences comparison in NCBI showed that these bacteria belonged to 15 kinds of different kinds, like Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., and so on.There were 13 kinds of pathogenic bacteria and conditional pathogenic bacteria.The 13 kinds were resistant to furazolidone, polymyxin B and cephalexin, and were sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and amikacin.These results provided basis for efficient control of the disease in deer farm.%为探究辽宁省西丰县鹿场环境中细菌的分布及耐药性情况,本试验采集了鹿场粪便、饮水、空气、饲料等样品,进行了细菌的分离培养及鉴定,对分离到的菌株16S rDNA 基因进行PCR 扩增、测序分析,并对分选出的致病菌和条件致病菌进行药敏试验.结果显示,所测样品共分离纯化出27株菌,公鹿精饲料、母鹿精饲料、粗饲料和水的含菌量分别为1.0×105、8.7×104、2.7×107 CFU/g和2.9×104 CFU/mL,表明水和粗饲料不符合国家规定的养殖场环境卫生要求;16S rDNA基因序列在NCBI比对后,鉴定出有大肠埃希菌、志贺氏菌等15种不同菌株,其中致病菌和条件致病菌共13种,这13种细菌对呋喃唑酮、多黏菌素B和头孢氨苄等耐药,对头孢曲松、环丙沙星和丁胺卡那等药物敏感.本试验结果可为鹿场细菌性疾病的防控及用药提供参考依据.
