摘要：
目的 分析杭州市第三人民医院2015-2017年头癣患者病原菌菌种的分布变化.方法 回顾性分析2015-2017年杭州市第三人民医院确诊的321例头癣患者的基本信息及真菌学资料.结果 321例头癣患者中男180例,女141例,发病年龄1个月至70岁,学龄前儿童154例(47.9％),成人头癣13例(4.0％).犬小孢子菌159株(49.5％),须癣毛癣菌110株(34.3％),紫色毛癣菌38株(11.8％),断发毛癣菌8株(2.5％),石膏样小孢子菌4株(1.2％),红色毛癣菌2株(0.6％).菌种构成比在各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(x2=9.09,P＞0.05),亲人性及非亲人性菌种构成比在各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(x2=1.85,P＞0.05).非亲人性菌种构成比在3年间差异有统计学意义(x2=23.82,P＜ 0.01),其中,犬小孢子菌2015-2017年间构成比分别为32.5％、47.6％、59.6％,须癣毛癣菌分别为53.0％、35.4％、23.7％.结论 2015-2017年杭州市第三人民医院头癣主要感染人群为学龄前儿童;致病菌主要为犬小孢子菌,其在头癣病原菌中的占比逐年升高,其次为须癣毛癣菌,但其占比逐年下降.%Objective To analysis changes in species distribution of pathogenic dermatophytes from patients with tinea capitis in the Hangzhou Third Hospital between 2015 and 2017.Methods Demographic and mycological data were collected from 321 patients with confirmed tinea capitis in the Hangzhou Third Hospital between 2015 and 2017,and analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 321 patients with tinea capitis,180 were males,and 141 were females.Their age of onset ranged from 1 month to 70 years.There were 154 (47.9％) preschool children and 13 (4.0％) adults.A total of 321 fungal strains were isolated,including 159 (49.5％) strains of Microsporum canis,110 (34.3％) strains of Trichophyton mentagrophytes,38 (11.8％) strains of Trichophyton violaceum,8 (2.5％) strains of Trichophyton tonsurans,4 (1.2％) strains of Microsporum gypseum,and 2 (0.6％) strains of Trichophyton rubrum.There was no significant difference in the distribution of fungal species (x2 =9.09,P ＞ 0.05) or the proportion of anthropophilic and non-anthropophilic dermatophytes among different age groups (x2 =1.85,P ＞ 0.05).The proportion of non-anthropophilic dermatophytes significantly differed among 2015,2016 and 2017 (x2 =23.82,P ＜ 0.01).From 2015 to 2017,the proportions of Microsporum canis were 32.5％,47.6％ and 59.6％ respectively,and the proportions of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were 53.0％,35.4％ and 23.7％ respectively.Conclusions During 2015-2017,the main population with tinea capitis in Hangzhou Third Hospital was preschool children.Moreover,the main pathogenic dermatophyte was Microsporum canis,whose proportion gradually increased year by year,followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes,whose proportion gradually decreased year by year.
