摘要：
将回收的阴极射线管(CRT)锥玻璃作为辐射屏蔽混凝土中磁铁矿砂的替代材料,其质量替代率分别为0、20％、40％和60％.研究此防辐射混凝土的流动性、表观密度和力学性能,同时采用实验、理论计算和蒙特卡洛粒子(MCNP)模拟程序等方法研究混凝土γ射线的线性衰减系数(μ),质量衰减系数(μm)、半值层厚度(hHVL)和十分之一层厚度(hTVL)等辐射屏蔽参数.实验结果表明,混凝土的流动性显著提高,而表观密度、抗压强度和静弹性模量均略微下降.在相同的γ射线光子能量条件下,μm、μ、hHVL和hTVL等参数的计算、模拟和实验结果吻合较好,这表明用MCNP代码模拟材料的γ射线辐射屏蔽参数是可行的.计算结果表明,用CRT锥玻璃部分代替磁铁矿砂制作的混凝土可以在广泛的γ射线光子能量范围内有效地提高μm值,与对照混凝土(M-1)相比,这种混凝土具有几乎相同的辐射屏蔽性能.对流动性能、力学性能和γ射线辐射屏蔽性能的综合比较发现,锥玻璃细骨料替代率为20％-40％的混凝土具有良好的性能.%The recycled cathode ray tube (CRT) funnel glass was used as replacement of magnetite sand in the concrete, and its mass replacement rates were 0, 20％, 40％ and 60％, respectively. The flowability, apparent density and mechanical properties of the radiation shielding concrete were investigated, while its γ-ray radiation shielding parameters such as linear and mass attenuation coefficients (μ and μm, respectively), thickness values of half-value layer (hHVL) and tenth-value layer (hTVL) were obtained by theoretical calculation, experiment and Monte-Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation code. The experimental results show that the flowability of the concrete increases significantly, whilst its apparent density, compressive strength and static elastic modulus decrease slightly. The calculated, simulated and experimentalμm,μ, hHVL and hTVL values of all concrete samples are very consistent at the sameγ-ray photon energy, and it is feasible to use MCNP code to simulateγ-ray radiation shielding parameters of materials. The calculated results show that in a wide range ofγ-ray photon energy, theμm value of the concrete with CRT funnel glass replacing magnetite sand is improved effectively, and its radiation shielding performances are the same as those of the control concrete (M-1). By comprehensively comparing the flowability, mechanical properties andγ-ray radiation shielding properties, the concrete samples with 20％-40％funnel glass as fine aggregate have good performances.
