摘要：
阈值分割简单有效,但现有的单阈值方法对城区图像分割效果不佳,难以取得令人满意的结果.为了快速准确地对城区遥感图像进行分割,本文提出了基于直线截距直方图倒数灰度熵和人工蜂群优化(artificial bee colony op-timization, ABC)的多阈值分割方法.首先,给出直线截距直方图的定义并建立城区遥感图像的直线截距直方图;然后,计算该直方图倒数灰度熵的大小,推导出其单阈值选取公式;最后,将其推广到多阈值选取,并利用人工蜂群优化算法,对多个阈值进行快速精确地寻优,以此最终实现城区遥感图像的多阈值分割.实验结果表明,该方法所分割的图像中多目标的形状、边缘更为准确,纹理及细节特征更加清晰,且所需运行时间仅为同类多阈值分割方法的25%,是一种行之有效的城区遥感图像分割方法.%Threshold segmentation is a kind of simple and effective method, however, the existing single-threshold method is hard to realize satisfactory effect in segmenting the images of urban area. In order to segment the remote sens-ing images of urban area quickly and accurately, a multi-threshold segmentation method based on straight-line intercept histogram, reciprocal grayscale entropy and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Optimization was proposed in the paper. Firstly, the straight-line intercept histogram was defined and the straight-line intercept histogram of the urban remote sensing image was established; then the value of the reciprocal grayscale entropy of the histogram was calculated and the single-threshold selection formula was deduced; finally, the application was popularized to multi-threshold selection, ABC Optimization algorithm was utilized for precise optimization of many thresholds, so as to finally realize the multi-threshold segmentation of urban remote sensing images. A large number of experiments show that, the multi-object shape and edge in the images segmented by the method are more accurate, the textures and details are more explicit, in addition, its running time is only 25% of other similar multi-threshold segmentation methods. This is a kind of effective method for segmenting the remote sensing images of urban area.
