摘要：
Objective To investigate genotyps of Treponema pallidum (Tp) in several cities in Guangxi province. Methods A total of 300 patients with suspected early syphilis were enrolled from STD clinics in Guangxi between January 2012 and July 2016, and tissue fluid samples were collected from skin lesions. Silver staining was performed to detect Tp, and PCR to amplify the Tp polA gene for the diagnosis of early syphilis. Positive samples were subjected to PCR amplification of a 60-bp tandem repeat region within the arp gene, restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)analysis of the tpr Ⅱgene after digestion with Mse Ⅰ enzyme and tp0548 genotyping. Results Finally, 215 patients were diagnosed with early syphilis, including 210(97.7%)patients positive for PCR and 105(48.8%)patients positive for silver staining, and the positive rate significantly differed between the two methods (χ2 = 103.01, P < 0.05). Among the PCR-positive samples, 190 could be genotyped by analysis of three target genes, and 17 genotypes were identified. The genotype 14d/f was predominant (45.3%, 86/190), followed by 15d/f (13.7%, 26/190), 16d/f(11.6%, 22/190), 17d/f(7.4%, 14/190), 13d/f(6.8%, 13/190), 10d/f(4.2%, 8/190), 18d/f(1.6%, 3/190), 16a/f(1.6%, 3/190), 5d/f(1.1%, 2/190), 7d/f(1.1%, 2/190), 12d/f(1.1%, 2/190), 16d/e(1.1%, 2/190), 14a/f(1.1%, 2/190), 9h/c(1.1%, 2/190), 15l/f(0.5%, 1/190), 25a/e(0.5%, 1/190), 15i/f(0.5%, 1/190). Conclusion Tp genotypes are diversified in patients with early syphilis in Guangxi, and the genotype 14 d/f is predominant.%目的 了解广西部分市梅毒螺旋体(Tp)的基因分型状况.方法 从2012年1月至2016年7月在广西性病门诊收集疑似早期梅毒患者300例,采集皮损处组织液,用镀银染色法检测梅毒螺旋体,同时采用PCR扩增Tp polA基因,进行早期梅毒的诊断.对早期梅毒确诊病例进行Tp的arp基因60个碱基对重复序列的数目、tprⅡ基因MseⅠ酶切后限制性片段长度多态性的型别和tp0548基因序列的型别进行鉴别,依据结果进行综合分析以判断梅毒基因型.结果 共确诊早期梅毒患者215例,其中梅毒PCR检测出210例阳性,检出率97.7%,镀银染色法检测出105例阳性,检出率48.8%,PCR法阳性率显著高于镀银染色法(χ2=103.01,P<0.05).在PCR阳性标本中,共190例可进行三基因完全分型,总计分出17个基因型别,14d/f有86例(45.3%),具有绝对的流行优势,其他亚型依次为15d/f(13.7%、26/190)、16d/f(11.6%、22/190)、17d/f(7.4%、14/190)、13d/f(6.8%、13/190)、10d/f(4.2%、8/190)、18d/f(1.6%、3/190)、16a/f(1.6%、3/190)、5d/f(1.1%、2/190)、7d/f(1.1%、2/190)、12d/f(1.1%、2/190)、16d/e(1.1%、2/190)、14a/f(1.1%、2/190)、9h/c(1.1%、2/190)、15l/f(0.5%、1/190)、25a/e(0.5%、1/190)、15i/f(0.5%、1/190).结论 广西早期梅毒患者的梅毒螺旋体基因型别具有多样性,其中以14d/f型为优势型.
