摘要:
Pathogenic isolates were collected from different rice-cropping regions in southern China to dissect the pathogenic differentiation and variation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Xoo).Two sets of rice-Xoo differential hosts,including Chinese system with five cultivars such as IR26,Javal4,Nangeng 15,Tetep and Jingang 30 and intemational system with a series of near-isogenic lines (NILs) such as IRBB5,IRBB13,IRBB3,IRBB14,IRBB2 and IR24 carrying different known resistance genes,were used to detect pathogenic differentiation for the reaction between host and pathogen with leaf-clipping method at the rice booting stage.The results showed the type of the pathogen were divided into six pathotypes including Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅸ based on Chinese differential system,and seven pathogenic races including R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R8 and R10 based on international differential system.The pathogenicity frequency of Xoo pathotypes Ⅴ and Ⅳ and pathogenic races R8 and R5 were 27.40%,19.30% and 44.67%,15.34%,which were considered to be the prevailing races in southern China.Pathogenic rates of pathotypes Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅸ and races R8,R5 against 500 varieties derived from southern China were 96.40%,95.00%,50.40%,62.00%,and 42.60%,respectively.Among which pathotype Ⅸ was the most virulent pathotype.The pathotype Ⅴ became preponderant pathotype and the new pathotype Ⅸ grew up quickly.%为了解华南稻区水稻白叶枯病菌的致病性分化和变异动态,采集华南地区水稻白叶枯病病叶标样分离病原菌,应用中国鉴别寄主IR26、南粳15、爪哇14、特特普、金刚30和国际水稻已知抗病基因的近等基因系IRBB5、IRBB13、IRBB3、IRBB14、IRBB2、IR24两套鉴别寄主,在水稻孕穗期采用剪叶法接种,依据寄主和菌株的互作反应检测病菌的致病性分化.结果显示,参试菌株可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅸ六个致病型和R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R8、R10七个致病小种.Ⅴ、Ⅳ致病型和R8、R5小种出现频率分别为27.40%、19.30%和44.67%、15.34%,为华南稻区优势种群.Ⅸ、Ⅴ、Ⅳ致病型和R8、R5小种对500份华南稻区品种资源的致病率依次为96.40%、95.00%、50.40%、62.00%和42.60%;Ⅸ致病型毒性最强且发展很快;强致病菌系Ⅴ型已替代Ⅳ型发展为华南优势致病菌系.