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dexamethasone

dexamethasone的相关文献在2000年到2022年内共计56篇,主要集中在肿瘤学、内科学、基础医学 等领域,其中期刊论文56篇、相关期刊36种,包括中国药理学与毒理学杂志、华中科技大学学报(医学)(英德文版)、中国组织工程研究等; dexamethasone的相关文献由234位作者贡献,包括Abdel-Moneim M. Osman、Alok Bhushan、Christopher K. Daniels等。

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dexamethasone

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  • Abdel-Moneim M. Osman
  • Alok Bhushan
  • Christopher K. Daniels
  • HU Yizhen
  • James C. K. Lai
  • Kalyan J. Gangavarapu
  • MIAO Juan
  • Masataka Yoshikawa
  • Oscar Rojas-Espinosa
  • Patricia Arce-Paredes
  • 期刊论文

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    • Manpreet Singh; Awadh Bihari Tiwari; Priya Taank; Shalendra Singh; Amrinder Kaur; Munish Sood; Rahul Yadav
    • 摘要: Objective:To compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in patients scheduled for laparoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 86 female patients were prospectively administered dexmedetomidine 1μg/kg i.v.(the group A,n=43),and dexamethasone 8 mg i.v.(the group B,n=43).The two groups were compared in treatment response,hemodynamic changes,and Numerical Analog Scale(NAS).Besides,the relation of PONV with patient baseline characteristics in the perioperative period was determined as well.Results:Patients in group A had lower PONV scores(t=3.1,P<0.002),less needs for rescue anti-emetics(χ2=0.47,P<0.001),and decreased intraoperative heart rate(t=9.72,P<0.001)and mean arterial pressure(t=7.58,P<0.001)compared to that of group B.Group A reported lower NAS than group B(t=2.66,P<0.001).In addition,we found no relationship between PONV score and rescue anti-emetic requirement,age,or body mass index(P=0.96,P=0.60,P=0.28,respectively).Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine could be used as an effective antiemetic in laparoscopic surgeries,with better efficacy than dexamethasone.Dexmedetomidine not only can reduce PONV but also is effective in postoperative analgesia.
    • Ali Abdullah Alshehri
    • 摘要: Purpose: The timing, schedule, and doses of dexamethasone administration to control edema are a topic of debate. This prospective observational study was performed to evaluate the effects of perioperative and intraoperative administration of dexamethasone on the occurrence of edema in patients who underwent rhinoplasty. Methods: This study was conducted at Najran University Hospital, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, from June 2019 to August 2020. Seventy-five patients who underwent open rhinoplasty were assigned using a consecutive non-random sampling method into three groups, with 25 patients in each group. Group A patients received three doses of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone perioperatively, and group B patients received a single dose of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone intraoperatively. Group C patients received intravenous 2 mL of 0.9% normal saline solution intraoperatively and were considered as a control group. Digital photographs of patients were obtained and assessed on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days post-operatively. Results: The mean duration of operation was comparable between the studied groups (p = 0.368). On comparing the studied groups, significant differences in the edema scores were observed on the 1st and 7th day post-operatively (p th day (p = 0.079). When comparing each group against the postoperative day of evaluation, statistically significant differences were detected between the 1st vs. 7th day and 1st vs. 14th day in Group A, whereas, in the other groups, no significant difference was detected (all p > 0.05). No Dexamethasone-related complications were observed. Conclusion: Dexamethasone significantly reduced periorbital swelling and edema after rhinoplasty compared to the control group. A short course of triple dose perioperative administration of dexamethasone is more potent in reducing edema from 1st to 7th day postoperative than a single dose intraoperatively.
    • Lan Li; Weihua Zhang
    • 摘要: Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of combining bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.Methods:This study was conducted in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022.25 patients were selected for the study and divided into two groups:12 patients in one group,the control group,were treated with bortezomib and thalidomide in combination with dexamethasone,and 13 patients in the other group were treated with bortezomib and dexamethasone.The other group of 13 patients,given bortezomib combined with lenalidomide and dexamethasone,was named as the experimental group,and the treatment effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:Comparing the treatment efficiency of the two groups,the incidence of patients in the experimental group was 92.31%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(33.33%),with a significant difference,indicated as P<0.05.At the same time,the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was lower,the clinical index scores were closer to normal values,and the level of inflammatory response was lower,with significant differences in all data in the control group(P<0.05),and the experimental group had better treatment results.Conclusion:Bortezomib combined with lenalidomide and dexamethasone is clinically effective in the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma,and is of positive significance in promoting recovery.
    • Efterpi Mougakou; Maria Kyziroglou; Alexandra Tsankof; Evangelos Cholongitas; Konstantinos Tziomalos
    • 摘要: Diabetes mellitus(DM)is an independent risk factor for admission to intensive care unit and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).On the other hand,medications used in the management of COVID-19 are potentially associated with increases in blood glucose levels and a higher incidence of infections.Accordingly,care of patients with DM and acute COVID-19 requires careful consideration of both diseases.Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are associated with adverse outcomes and therefore frequent measurement of blood glucose levels and a basal-bolus insulin regimen are required in most patients.Regarding the management of COVID-19,dexamethasone increases blood glucose levels and might also increase the risk for infections.On the other hand,limited data suggest that antiviral and immunomodulatory agents used in COVID-19 are not strongly associated with higher incidence of infections in this population.As knowledge evolves in this field,optimization of the management of both DM and COVID-19 will hopefully improve the outcome of these patients。
    • Sai-Ling Hu; Min Liu; Jun-Yu Zhang
    • 摘要: BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma(MM)is a plasma cell malignancy,while MM outcomes have significantly improved due to novel agents and combinations,MM remains an incurable disease.The key goal of treatment in MM is to achieve a maximal response and the subsequent consolidation of response after initial therapy.Many studies analyzed an improved progression-free survival(PFS)following lenalidomide alone maintenance versus placebo or observation after autologous stem cell transplant(ASCT)in patients with NDMM.In the SWOG S0777 clinical trial,patients newly diagnosed with MM(NDMM)without ASCT received lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone(DXM)maintenance until progressive disease,where PFS and overall survival(OS)were significantly improved.In the present study,we assessed the efficacy and toxicity of the different doses of DXM combined with lenalidomide for maintenance treatment of NDMM for transplant noneligible patients in the standard-risk group.AIM To investigate the efficacy and adverse effects of different administration modes of DXM combined with lenalidomide for maintenance treatment of MM in standard-risk patients ineligible for transplantation.METHODS A total of 96 MM patients were enrolled in this study,among whom 48 patients received maintenance treatment that consisted of oral administration of 25 milligrams(mg)of lenalidomide from days 1-21 and 40 mg of DXM on days 1,8,15,and 22(DXM 40 mg group),repeated every 4 wk.Another group was treated with oral administration of 25 mg of lenalidomide from days 1-21 and 20 mg of DXM on days 1-2,8-9,15-16,and 22-23(DXM 20 mg group),which was also repeated every 4 wk.RESULTS The median PFS was 37.25 mo in the DXM 40.00 mg group and 38.17 mo in the DXM 20 mg group(P=0.171).The median OS was 50.78 mo in the DXM 40 mg group and 51.69 mo in the DXM 20 mg group(P=0.171).Fourteen patients in the DXM 40 mg group and 6 patients in the DXM 20 mg group suffered from adverse gastrointestinal reactions after the oral administration of the DXM tablet(P=0.044).Ten patients suffered from abnormal glucose tolerance(GTA),impaired fasting glucose(IFG),or diabetes mellitus in the DXM 40 mg group during our observation time compared to 19 patients with GTA,IFG,or DM in the DXM 20 mg group(P=0.033).Abnormalβ-crosslaps or higher were found in 5 patients in the DXM 40 mg group and 12 patients in the DXM 20 mg group(P=0.049).Insomnia or an increase in insomnia compared to the previous condition was evident in 2 patients in the DXM 40 mg group after maintenance treatment for more than 6 mo compared to 11 patients in the DXM 20 mg group(P=0.017).CONCLUSION The DXM 40 mg group exhibited efficacy similar to that of the DXM 20 mg group.However,the DXM 40 mg group had significantly decreased toxicity compared with the DXM 20 mg group in the long term.
    • Alex C Vidaeff; Kjersti M Aagaard; Michael A Belfort
    • 摘要: The aim of this manuscript is to discuss the practice of antenatal corticosteroids administration for fetal maturation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive pregnant women.Recent high-quality evidence supports the use of dexamethasone in the treatment of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Randomized disease outcome data have identified an association between disease stage and treatment outcome.In contrast to patients with more severe forms who benefit from dexamethasone,patients with mild disease do not appear to improve and may even be harmed by this treatment.Therefore,indiscriminate usage of fluorinated corticosteroids for fetal maturation,regardless of disease trajectory,is unadvisable.Obstetrical care needs to be adjusted during the COVID-19 pandemic with careful attention paid to candidate selection and risk stratification.
    • Panot Sainamthip; Chutcharn Kongphanich; Naiyarat Prasongsook; Sakkarin Chirapongsathorn
    • 摘要: BACKGROUND Even in the immuno-oncology era,transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation(TACE)is the most effective way to treat intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Postembolisation syndrome(PES)is the most common side effect from TACE and there is still no standard prevention guideline.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of single dose intravenous dexamethasone regimen to prevent PES after TACE among patients with HCC.METHODS This study enrolled patients with HCC who had eligible indication for TACE without macrovascular invasion/extrahepatic metastasis.Patients were randomly assigned to either an intravenous single dose of dexamethasone 8 mg or placebo one hour before TACE.The primary outcome was a negative result of PES at 48 h after TACE,which was defined as score<2 of Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding criteria using fever,nausea,vomiting and pain to calculated.And the secondary end point was duration of admission between two groups.RESULTS One hundred patients were randomly assigned 1:1.Under intention-to-treat analysis,49 patients were randomly assigned to the dexamethasone and 51 to the placebo groups.Both groups were similar for baseline characteristics.The negative PES rate was significantly higher in the dexamethasone group than in the placebo group(63.3%vs 29.4%;P=0.005).Mean Southwest Oncology Group toxicity coding PES was 2.14(95%CI:1.41-2.8)vs 3.71(95%CI:2.97-4.45)between the dexamethasone and placebo groups,respectively.Cumulative incidence of fever was significantly lower in dexamethasone group with P<0.001,pain,nausea and vomiting were also lower in the dexamethasone group compared with the placebo group(P=0.16,P=0.11,and P=0.49).The dexamethasone regimen was generally well tolerated by patients with HCC patients including those with hepatitis B virus infection and well-controlled diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION Single dose dexamethasone was effective at preventing PES among patients with HCC treated with TACE.The study showed no adverse events of special interest related to dexamethasone.
    • Yan-Lu Lyu; Fan-Qian Zeng; Zhou Zhou; Min Yan; Wei Zhang; Ming Liu; Zhao-Yang Ke
    • 摘要: BACKGROUND As sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)rarely occurs in pregnant women,there is a lack of knowledge and relevant research on its management.AIM To investigate the effect of intratympanic dexamethasone injection in the treatment of pregnant patients with SSNHL.METHODS A retrospective chart review was made for the period between June 2017 and August 2019 at our Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.Pregnant women who met the criteria for SSNHL were included and grouped based on the therapeutic modalities.The treatment group received intratympanic dexamethasone(2.5 mg)q.o.d.for a total of four times,while the control group received no medication other than bed rest and medical observations.All the patients were under close care of obstetricians.Pure-tone audiograms were performed before and after treatment.RESULTS Eleven patients who met the inclusion criteria were assigned to the treatment group(n=7)and the control group(n=4).The mean age of patients was 31.2±3.8 years;the right ear was affected in seven(63.64%)cases.Two patients(18.2%)suffered from vertigo,10(90.9%)suffered from tinnitus and 6(54.5%)suffered from aural fullness.The time from onset to clinic visit was relatively short,with a mean time of 1.3±0.9 d.All the women were within the second or third trimester;the average gestation period was 26.0±6.2 wk.The pure-tone averages at onset between the two groups were similar.After one wk of therapy,the treatment group had a curative rate of 57.1%and a significantly better hearing threshold and greater improvement compared to the control group(all P<0.05).Some patients experienced transient discomfort from intratympanic injections that disappeared after getting rest,while none had permanent complications.All patients delivered healthy full-term neonates with an average Apgar score of 9.7±0.5.CONCLUSION Intratympanic dexamethasone injections can be used as a first-line therapy in pregnant women with SSNHL.
    • Alain N’Guessan; Armand Koffi; Ismaeuml; l L. Dally; Christophe N’Cho Amin; Claire Gueutin; Nicolas Tsapis; Elias Fattal
    • 摘要: A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the determination of dexamethasone palmitate (DXP) in bronchoalveolar fluid lavage samples (BALF). DXP in rat BALFs containing the internal standard (IS), testosterone decanoate (TD), was extracted using a mixture of chloroform and methanol (9:1, v/v). Extracts were then centrifuged, dried and dissolved in acetonitrile. A chromatographic separation based on an isocratic elution was done using acetonitrile and water (85:15, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The graph of the developed method was linear within the tested calibration range of 0.5 - 40 μg/mL. The overall extraction recovery of DXP from BALF samples was 84.3% ± 1.6%. The accuracy (relative error) and precision (coefficient of variation) values were within the pre-defined limits of ≤15% at all concentrations. This methodology has been applied to determine levels of DXP in BALF samples collected from rats treated with DXP large porous particles. The measured concentrations were successfully evaluated using a non-compartment pharmacokinetic model. Since the developed method requires only a microvolume (100 μL) of BALF sample for analysis, it is therefore particularly suitable for the evaluation of drug biodistribution in lung.
    • ZHANG Lei-ming; HUANG Ya-nan; DU Yuan; WANG Mei-ling; WANG Xin-lin; WANG Yan-fang; HAO Yan-fei; WANG Tian; FU Feng-hua
    • 摘要: OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-rheumatoid arthritis(RA)effect of Escin combined with low dose of GCs(dexameth⁃asone,Dex)and its underlying mechanism.METHODS Adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats and LPS-injured RAW 264.7 were used to investigate the anti-RA effects of Escin combined with low dose Dex in vivo and in vitro.In vivo experiment:rats were randomly divided into model group(AIA),dexamethasone high dose(Dex,0.2 mg·kg^-1)group,dexamethasone low dose(Dex,0.05 mg·kg^-1)group,Escin 10 mg·kg^-1 group,Dex 0.05+Escin group,10 rats in each group,another 10 were used as normal control group.The vehicle and the corresponding drug were administered intragastrically(ig)daily for 14 d.In vitro experiment:LPS was used to stimulate RAW 264.7 macrophages for inflammatory models,which were divided into control group,LPS group,Dex with high dose(50 nmol·L^-1)group,and Dex with low dose(12.5 nmol·L^-1)group.In the Escin 10μmol·L^-1 group and the Dex+Escin(12.5 nmol·L^-1+10μmol·L^-1)group,the corresponding drugs were added to each well.After 2 h,LPS was added to induce inflammation.RESULTS Escin combined with low dose Dex significantly decreased arthritic index,serum IL-6 and TNF-α,improved paw swelling,and ameliorated the joint pathology immune organ pathology significantly.Gene chip results revealed that Nr3c1(GR)altered significantly.And that GR activation by Escin and low dose Dex was confirmed both in vivo and in vitro.Furthermore,Escin combined with low dose Dex also significant increase GR mRNA expression.However,when suppression of GR by its specific inhibitor,the anti-RA effect of Escin combined with low dose Dex was abolished.CONCLUSION Escin combined with Dex reduces the dose of Dex,and exerts significant anti-RA effects,which could also reduce the adverse effects of Dex.This combination might be attributed to GR activation.This study might provide a new combination drugs for the treatment of RA.
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