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蜘蛛群落

蜘蛛群落的相关文献在1991年到2020年内共计57篇,主要集中在植物保护、动物学、昆虫学 等领域,其中期刊论文56篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献2049篇;相关期刊30种,包括楚雄师范学院学报、湖南师范大学自然科学学报、环境昆虫学报等; 相关会议1种,包括中国植物保护学会第九届会员代表大会暨2005年学术年会等;蜘蛛群落的相关文献由128位作者贡献,包括李生才、古德祥、张古忍等。

蜘蛛群落—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:56 占比:2.66%

会议论文>

论文:1 占比:0.05%

专利文献>

论文:2049 占比:97.29%

总计:2106篇

蜘蛛群落—发文趋势图

蜘蛛群落

-研究学者

  • 李生才
  • 古德祥
  • 张古忍
  • 王德良
  • 王智
  • 颜亨梅
  • 上官小霞
  • 丛建国
  • 杨自忠
  • 刘向东
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 邢树文; 梁秀霞
    • 摘要: 调查高山茶园、中山茶园、低山茶园的结网型蜘蛛和游猎型蜘蛛群落结构,以生态学指数分析其物种多样性,以NMDS排序、ANOSIM检验及SMPER等方法,分析不同海拔茶园结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落结构的差异性.结果表明:结网型蜘蛛、游猎型蜘蛛总个体数、总物种数及优势种均表现为高山茶园高,低山茶园低;高山茶园结网型蜘蛛丰富度和均匀度指数显著低于其它两个茶园,高山茶园游猎型蜘蛛丰富度指数显著高于其它两个茶园,其他指数无显著差异.NMDS与ANOSIM检验结果表明,结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落均表现为高山茶园与低山茶园差异较大,与中山茶园差异较小.三种茶园的结网型、游猎型蜘蛛群落结构均存在极显著差异.SMPER分析结果,高山茶园与低山茶园的结网型蜘蛛的平均相异性是36.36%,游猎型蜘蛛的平均相异性是29.80%;与中山茶园结网型蜘蛛的平均相异性是61.10%,游猎型蜘蛛的平均相异性是57.37%.研究表明,海拔和良好的生境条件是影响两种蜘蛛亚群落的主要效应因子,高海拔茶园蜘蛛物种多样性稳定,农药的使用导致低海拔单一茶园两种蜘蛛亚群落的稀有物种大量减少,缺失物种增多.
    • 赵丽萍; 冯纪南; 杨德俊; 姚飞虹
    • 摘要: [Objective] To understand the list and diversity of spider community in Mangshan National Forest Park,Hunan Province.[Method] A survey focused on species and the community structure of spider were carried out.Samples were collected in the period from May to August in 2015 by using both clapping and sweeping methods.[Result] We collected spider 821 individuals,which were assigned belong to 18 families,44 genera,76 species.The rich diversity and stable community structure of spiders were found in Mangshan National Forest Park.There were differences of community structure in different habitats.Shrub meadow had the richest of spider diversity and high individual density,with jarless community structure.Shrubs had high evenness with less jarless community structure.Chinese fir and coniferous forest had less of spider diversity and individual density,with predominant species conspicuous.These results in this article had great significance to food resources and complexity of vegetation.[Conclusion]The study fills the gaps in the study of composition and structure of spider in Mangshan,which can provide a reference for the protection and utilization of the diversity of spider communities in Mangshan National Forest Park.%[目的]了解湖南省莽山国家森林公园蜘蛛群落组成结构和多样性.[方法]2015年5-8月,采用随机捕捉与扫网相结合的方法进行采样,对湖南省莽山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类和群落结构进行调查.[结果]共采集标本821份,经鉴定隶属18科44属76种.莽山国家森林公园的蜘蛛物种多样性丰富,蜘蛛群落结构稳定.不同生境中蜘蛛群落的种类和结构有较大的差别.灌木草甸的蜘蛛群落组成最丰富,个体密度最高,群落结构稳定;而杉木林和针叶林的蜘蛛群落组成较简单,个体密度较低,优势种明显,这主要与食物资源和植被的复杂程度有关.[结论]该研究弥补了莽山蜘蛛组成结构研究的空白,可为保护和利用莽山国家森林公园蜘蛛群落多样性提供参考.
    • 刘长海; 曹文文; 段秋艳; 苑彩霞; 陈宗礼
    • 摘要: Spider is one of the important natural enemy communities in jujube orchard ecosystems.Studying the diversity of spiders is essential to provide application data for the biological control of pests in jujube orchards.Samples were collected from May to October 2014 by using both the buckle tube and sweep net methods in 4 different kinds of jujube orchards in North village and Zhuangtou village of Yanchuan county.The total number of spider collected was 134 belonging to 7 families,among which Araneidae,Thomisidae,Philodromidae and Oxyopidae were dominant families while Lycosidae,Salticidae and Gnaphosidae were common families.The results showed that the index of richness (dma) and diversity (H) of jujube orchard were relatively high while the index of diversity (D) and evenness (J) were relatively low within the evaluation range,which reflected the spiders' reaction to the ecosystem in different management patterns.The number of spider was stable from May to July,rising from July to August,and then declining from August to October.The results showed that the spider diversity of sample plots in natural-grown jujube orchards were higher than that with single ruderal or human interference.Thus,the ecosystem with less manmade interference and relatively humid environment is more beneficial for spiders' inhabitation.%蜘蛛是枣园生态系统中重要的天敌之一,研究枣园蜘蛛群落的多样性可为枣园害虫生物防治提供应用基础数据.2014年5月至10月,在延川县北村和庄头村选择4个不同管理模式的枣园样地,采用扣管法和扫网法相结合的方式进行采样,共获取蜘蛛134头,隶属于7科,其中园蛛科、蟹蛛科、逍遥蛛科、猫蛛科为优势科,狼蛛科、跳蛛科和平腹蛛科为常见类群.数据表明,评价范围内枣园的丰富度指数(dma)和多样性指数(H)较高,而其多样性指数(D)和均匀度指数(J)较低,反映出蜘蛛对不同管理模式枣园生态系统的响应;5月到7月蜘蛛数量相对稳定,7月到8月上升趋势明显,8月下旬到10月上旬开始下降;自然生长的平地枣园样地蜘蛛多样性要高于杂草单一或人工管理的其他样地,人为干扰少、相对潮湿的生态环境,更有利于蜘蛛栖息生活.
    • 邢树文; 陈晓枫; 王晓妍
    • 摘要: 蜘蛛是林业生态系统中重要的天敌群落.为了了解广东省揭西大北山蜘蛛群落组成结构和多样性,2013年7~8月,采用拍打与扫网相结合的方法进行采样,对揭西大北山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类和群落结构进行了调查,分析了蜘蛛群落组成与多样性.结果表明:共采集蜘蛛标本1022头,隶属17科,45属,72种,已鉴定蜘蛛标本67种,待鉴定5种.球蛛科、跳蛛科和园蛛科为优势类群,其相对丰度分别为10.15%、16.45%和38.42%.其中,跳蛛科占14属20种,占总属数30.44%,占总物种数的27.78%;园蛛科占9属24种,占总属数的19.57%,占总物种数的33.33%.雌性蜘蛛个体数高于雄性,结网型高于游猎型.Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Weaver指数(H)和均匀度指数(J)较高,表明大北山国家森林公园蜘蛛种类丰富,蜘蛛群落结构稳定.Berger-Parker优势度指数(D)体现了该地区跳蛛科和园蛛科的明显优势特征.
    • 罗育发; 钟八莲
    • 摘要: [目的]研究不同果树间种后对脐橙园蜘蛛群落组成和多样性的影响.[方法]于2010年12月至2011年12月,对赣州市蟠龙镇不同种植模式(间种李、间种柚和单植)下脐橙园脐橙树冠层和地面层蜘蛛进行系统调查.[结果]与单植脐橙对照相比,间种李树显著增加了脐橙树冠层和地面层蜘蛛的物种丰富度(S)、个体教(N)和绝对丰度((n)),以及树冠层和地面层优势种草间钻头蛛(Hylyphantes graminicola)和树冠层宽管巢蛛(Clubiona deletrix)的个体数.间种柚对脐橙园树冠层和地面层蜘蛛群落组成和多样性无明显影响.3种种植模式下,脐橙园蜘蛛的物种丰富度和个体数均具有明显的季节动态,各群落间的物种组成相似性极高.间种李、间种柚和单植脐橙树冠层的蜘蛛总个体数与其对应的地面层蜘蛛总个体数呈显著正相关.[结论]合理间种有利于保护和利用脐橙园的蜘蛛.%[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of interpellations with other fruits in naval orange orchards on the species composition and diversity of spider communities in navel orange ecosystems. [ Method] Samples were taken from navel orange canopies and grounds in three planting models of navel orange, such as interplantation with Prunus salicina Lindl. , interplantation with Citrus grandis Osbeckin and monoplantation in the Gannan regions between December 2010 and December 2011. [ Result] The species richness (S) , number of individuals (N) and absolute abundance (n) of spiders from the navel orange orchard interplanted with P. salicina were significantly higher than those from the monoplanting navel orange orchard. Moreover, the numbers of individuals of ffylyphantes graminicola, a common spider species, for both canopy and ground samples, and the number of individuals of Clubiona dektrix for canopy samples from the navel orange orchard interplanted with P. salicina were significantly higher than those from the monoplanting navel orange orchard. However, there were not significant influences of interplantation with C. grandis in navel orange orchard on the species composition and diversity of spider communities from both navel orange canopies and grounds. Seasonal dynamics of spider species richness and number of individuals were apparent for the three planting models. Czekanowski similarity indices suggested that these communities were much highly similar to each other. For the mono-or inter-planting navel orange orchard, the total numbers of spiders from navel orange canopies were positively associated with the total numbers of spiders from the grounds. [Conclusion] The reasonable interplanting was beneficial to protect and utilize the spiders of naval orange orchards.
    • 张欣颖; 李凯; 曹玉成; 闫国增
    • 摘要: To study the community structure of spiders which is main predator in maize field and the climate factors which influence the spider population,the number of the spiders in maize field of Beijing Daxing Farming area was investigated.The results showed 884individuals were collected,which belonging to 8families,17genera and 21species,the dominant spider specie was Pardosa astrigera L.koch.The structure characteristics of spider community were analyzed by diversity index H′,evenness E,dominance C,richness S,total individual numbers N,It concluded that the community diversity index and evenness change trend were the same,but H′ change range was very large,only the value of September 26th was greater than 1.5,others were all less than 1.5,the stability of the community was poor.The regression analysis by SPSS showed that there was no evident linear relationship between community population and the humidity of the investigated day,there was significant linear relationship between natural logarithm of spider community population and average temperature of the investigated day.%蜘蛛是重要的捕食性天敌,为了研究玉米生境中蜘蛛群落的结构及影响种群变化的气候因素,调查了北京大兴农区玉米生境中蜘蛛的种群数量。结果表明:研究地区玉米生境中共采集蜘蛛标本884头,隶属于8科17属21种,星豹蛛(Pardosa astrigera L.koch)为优势种。通过多样性指数(H′)、均匀度(E)、优势度(C)、丰富度(S)、总个体数(N)等指标对玉米生境蜘蛛群落结构进行初步分析得出结论:群落多样性指数与均匀度变化趋势相同,但是H′变化范围较大,只有在9月26日高于1.5,其它时间均低于1.5,群落的稳定性较差。通过SPSS软件进行回归分析可知,蜘蛛种群的数量与调查当日的湿度没有明显线性关系,蜘蛛种群数量的自然对数与调查当日的平均温度之间存在显著的线性关系。
    • 杨自忠; 冯建孟; 马艳滟; 冯萍; 张耀光
    • 摘要: 本研究以"空间序列"代替"时间序列"的研究方法以云南大理苍山地区6个不同时期的火烧迹地为基础,采用群落聚类分析和排序的方法,结合回归分析,探讨了火烧迹地的生境类型、演替历史、季节和海拔梯度对蜘蛛群落类型及多样性的影响.共采集到蜘蛛标本21942号,291种,分属于34科.聚类分析表明,火烧地蜘蛛群落总体可以分为2大群落,即落叶层-树皮下群落和地上(包括草丛、灌木和乔木层)蜘蛛群落; 生境类型是影响蜘蛛群落类型的重要因素,而演替历史对群落分类的影响也值得重视.排序分析表明,生境类型是影响火烧地蜘蛛群落的物种组成与群落结构的重要因素,这与群落的聚类分析结果是一致的.回归分析表明,演替历史、季节和生境类型明显影响火烧地蜘蛛群落的多样性.其中,影响最明显的因素是演替历史,其次是季节和生境类型.
    • 李仲; 王露雨; 李宗煦; 张志升
    • 摘要: 2008年5-10月,采用随机捕捉法、扫网法和扣管法相结合,对贵州赤水桫椤自然保护区内的灌丛、竹林、稻田等生境的蜘蛛群落结构进行了调查,共采集蜘蛛标本1937头,隶属于24科81属159种,其中以跳蛛科(38种)、园蛛科(29种)和球蛛科(23种)最多,占总量的56.6%.稻田内结网型蜘蛛数量明显少于竹林和灌丛,而游猎型蜘蛛数量则相对较多,群落稳定性较差;灌丛空间异质性大,蜘蛛数量大、种类丰富,群落稳定性强;竹林生境单一,但受人为干扰较小,地面相对干燥,结网型蜘蛛介于灌丛和稻田之间,游猎型蜘蛛则很少,但均匀度较高.3种生境蜘蛛群落结构为中等不相似,表明植被类型与蜘蛛群落结构密切相关.另外发现5-10月灌丛蜘蛛群落里肖蛸科的西里银鳞蛛Leucauge celebesiana处于优势种地位,具有较大的开发利用潜力.
    • 杨自忠; 杨堂亮; 张耀光
    • 摘要: 报道了采自苍山地区火烧遗迹地蜘蛛群落物种34科86属235种.数据结果显示苍山地区蜘蛛物种多样性丰富,蜘蛛区系比较古老.
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