摘要:
Political parties are regarded as the main impetus for the political development of post-independence African countries. The perfection and stability of the party system always have significant influence on political development. African countries have expe-rienced serious political instability after independence,and one of the key factors is unrest and constantly changing party politics. In the period between 1993 and 2017, Lesotho's party politics, which has brought negative impacts to their national development, is characterized by frequent schisms, unstable system, fragmented development, union transmutation, and exterior interferences. From Lesotho's example,we can get some enlightenments. Firstly,the level of party institutionalization determines the national political de-velopment. Secondly,strong political party and political party system are prerequisites for political stability. Thirdly,order is more im-portant than democracy under the priority of national development. Finally,the unbalance between parties and the military forces can lead to regime collapse.%政党是推动独立后非洲国家政治发展的主要动力,而政党制度的健全与稳定,又直接影响着政治发展的进程.非洲国家独立后政治发展的跌宕起伏,与政党体制的频繁变迁以及政党政治的剧烈动荡有很大关系.莱索托王国独立后政党政治的发展历程与特征以及对政治发展的影响,可被视为大多数非洲国家政治发展的一个典型案例.从1993年到2017年,莱索托政党政治呈现频繁分裂、体系不稳、碎片发展、联盟嬗变、外部干预等特征,使得莱索托政治发展在曲折中前行,由此得到几点启示:第一,政党的制度化水平,决定了国家政治发展的程度;第二,强大的政党和政党体系是政治稳定的首要条件;第三,在国家发展的优先前提下,秩序比民主更重要;第四,政党与军队关系处理的失衡,可能导致政权的倾覆.