摘要：
Objective To observe the effect of self-practice-oriented teaching method on injection skills, psychological status and blood glucose control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving pen insulin injection for the first time. Methods A total of 105 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received insulin injection for the first time were divided into the control group and the observation group according to admission sequence. The control group adopted the method of one-to-one bedside health education of primary nurses. Insulin injection demonstration and disease-related knowledge education were conducted on the day of the medical order to start insulin treatment. Health education was conducted once a day for 3-5 minutes each time for a total of 5 days. The observation group adopted centralized health education, which insulin injection teaching desk, video and other teaching aids, combined with the guidance and correction of primary nurses were used, focusing on the use of teaching aids and self-injection as early as possible during hospitalization. The levels of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, insulin injection skills and anxiety and depression scale (HADS) were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose level, anxiety scores and depression scores between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). Two weeks after the hospital discharge, the anxiety and depression scores of the observation group was 7.31 ± 1.78, 7.00 ± 1.73, significantly lower than the anxiety and depression points of the control group 9.33 ± 2.21, 8.61 ± 1.79 (t=2.492, 3.097, P0.05).出院后2周,观察组的焦虑抑郁评分分别为(7.31±1.78)、(7.00±1.73)分,低于对照组焦虑抑郁评分(9.33±2.21)、(8.61±1.79)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.492、3.097,P<0.05);观察组患者胰岛素注射技能评估得分(90.90±4.15)分,高于对照组的(83.74±6.22)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-6.593,P<0.01);观察组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖分别为(7.56±1.86)、(10.61±2.25)mmol/L,优于对照组的(8.55±1.96)、(12.91±2.95)mmol/L,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.542、4.301,P<0.05或0.01).结论 以自我实践为主导的施教法可以有效减轻首次胰岛素注射患者的负性情绪,提高患者胰岛素注射技能,更好地控制血糖.
