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脂酶

脂酶的相关文献在1980年到2022年内共计231篇,主要集中在轻工业、手工业、生物工程学(生物技术)、生物化学 等领域,其中期刊论文126篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献92228篇;相关期刊98种,包括技术与市场、生物技术通报、黑龙江医学等; 相关会议1种,包括中国科协首届学术年会等;脂酶的相关文献由514位作者贡献,包括S·佩特里、K-H·巴林豪斯、孙国凤等。

脂酶—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:126 占比:0.14%

会议论文>

论文:1 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:92228 占比:99.86%

总计:92355篇

脂酶—发文趋势图

脂酶

-研究学者

  • S·佩特里
  • K-H·巴林豪斯
  • 孙国凤
  • 毛裕民
  • 谢毅
  • G·米勒
  • H·霍耶尔
  • N·特纳格尔斯
  • 汉斯·伦斯费尔德
  • 黄显慈

脂酶

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    • 孙博; 陆洁
    • 摘要: 念珠菌是一种寄生于人类黏膜表面的条件致病菌,是导致免疫功能低下人群侵袭性真菌感染的主要病原菌.目前,已知真菌的感染与多种因素相关,酶类在其中起关键作用,蛋白水解酶能够破坏宿主组织细胞,协助白念珠菌形成感染灶.磷脂酶可帮助粘附上皮细胞,渗透宿主细胞,有助于真菌的侵入.脂肪酶可为真菌生长获取营养,粘附宿主细胞组织,与其他酶协同作用,对宿主免疫炎症反应的启动加以阻断并通过溶解竞争菌群达到自我防御目的.溶血因子可使念珠菌破坏宿主的红细胞后获取铁元素,这种能力可为念珠菌提供营养物质.该文主要对白念珠菌黏附和侵袭宿主过程中关键的水解酶进行综述,为理解白念珠菌致病机制以及选择潜在的药物靶点提供指导.
    • 李红; 尹学智; 徐改改; 申瑞玲; 毕艳兰; 吕喜丽
    • 摘要: 利用脂酶的特异性催化作用,研究了正已烷体系中大豆粉末磷脂与全氢化大豆油的酯交换反应.利用碘值和产率为指标,考察了酶的种类及用量、底物摩尔比、温度、时间等因素对酯交换反应的影响,通过单因素和正交实验优化了大豆粉末磷脂与全氢化大豆油酯交换反应条件.发现在25%磷脂酶A1(以磷脂质量为基准)催化下,摩尔比4∶1的全氢化大豆油和大豆粉末磷脂的正己烷溶液(磷脂浓度为0.20 g/mL),在50°C下反应24 h,得到产率为72.9%的改性磷脂.与原料磷脂相比,改性磷脂的碘值由89 gI/100 g降至52 gI/100 g,脂肪酸组成变化较大,硬脂酸含量约为原料磷脂的9倍,不饱和脂肪酸亚麻酸和亚油酸含量降低了约一半,实现了大豆粉末磷脂的结构修饰.
    • 袁渊; 沈宏萍; 殷杰; 陈志宇
    • 摘要: 目的:研究地龙活性蛋白(Earthworm active protein,EWAP)对实验性高脂血症SD大鼠的调脂作用并探讨可能的降脂作用机制.方法:通过高脂饲料及维生素D2联合应用法建立SD大鼠高脂血症模型,以EWAP进行治疗28 d,末次给药后测定大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)水平、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)活性、粪便胆汁酸(FBA)含量以及大鼠体质量变化.结果:EWAP高、中剂量组与模型组比较,TC、TG、LDL-c水平显著降低,同时HL,LPL活性及粪便中FBA排泄量均显著提高,并且EWAP高剂量组大鼠体质量相比模型组增加趋势明显.结论:EWAP对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢有调节作用,其作用机制可能与提高脂蛋白脂酶、肝脂酶活性,加强肠内胆固醇代谢转化有关.%OBJECTIVE To study the lipid regulating effects of earthworm active protein (EWAP) on the experimental hyperlipidemic SD rats and explore the possible mechanism.METHODS Experimental hyperlipidemic rat models were establish by high fat diet and vitamin D2,and then treated with EWAP for 28 days.Then blood was collected to determine total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein (LDL-c),lipoprotein lipase (LPL),hepatic lipase (HL) and fecal bile acid (FBA).Weight change was also determined for rats.RESULTS Compared with model group,the TC levels of EWAP group were significantly decreased,HDL-c,TG,LDL-c,HL,LPL,and FBA were significantly higher than those of the model group,and significantly higher in the EWAP high dose group than in the model group.CONCLUSION EWAP has moderate effects on blood lipid metabolism in experimental hyperlipidemia rats,and its mechanism may be related with increased lipase activity,and strengthened metabolism of cholesterol in the intestine.
    • 王贞杰; 叶保民; 常青; 陈四清; 刘长琳; 胡建成; 王志军
    • 摘要: 本研究旨在探究维生素C(VC)对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)早期发育中孵化率、出膜率和成活率的影响,对其消化酶和脂蛋白脂酶(Lipoprotein lipase,LPL)及肝脂酶(Hepatic Lipase,HL)的影响.实验用圆斑星鲽为人工受精卵,分为5组,孵化水体VC浓度分别为0、20、25、30和35 mg/L,分别在成熟卵、受精卵、原肠中期、晶体出现期、内源营养期(2日龄)、混合营养期(6日龄)及外源营养期(9日龄)取样.记录圆斑星鲽的出膜时间、出膜率和成活率,测定对照组和生长指标优越组的消化酶活性和2种酯酶的活性.结果显示,25 mg/L的VC能显著提高圆斑星鲽的出膜率和成活率,并缩短出膜时间(P<0.05).VC能促进圆斑星鲽早期发育过程中蛋白质的沉积.外源营养期后,胃蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),淀粉酶活性在混合营养期显著提高(P<0.05),脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性在内源营养期就显著提高(P<0.05).25 mg/L VC溶液浸泡使圆斑星鲽胚胎发育过程中的LPL和HL比活力显著升高(P<0.05).合子中的LPL和HL基因可能在原肠期开始表达,合成脂质水解酶分解脂质,为胚胎发育供能.研究表明,圆斑星鲽成熟卵受精后脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶酶优先发挥作用,分解卵黄中的碳水化合物为胚胎发育迅速提供能量.25 mg/L的VC能显著提高消化酶活性,并促进蛋白质的沉积,有利于孵化成活的VC浓度可以显著促进圆斑星鲽早期发育的脂质代谢.%This study investigated effects of exogenous Vitamin C (VC) on the membrane time,hatching ratio,survival rate,growth characteristics,digestive enzyme activities and Lipases enzyme activities of spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus) during early development using mature eggs by the method of artificial fertilization.The eggs were divided into five groups with five different VC concentration of 0,20,25,30,and 35 mg/L,respectively.Samples were collected at mature eggs,fertilized eggs,mid-gastrula,crystal appear,mixed nutrition and exogenous nutrition stages.The results showed that 25 mg/L VC significantly improved the hatching ratio,survival rate and growth characteristics and shorten the membrane time,and that VC contributed to the deposition of protein in spotted halibut during early development,and significantly enhanced the activity of pepsin after exogenous nutrition stage (P<0.05).After mixed nutrition stage,VC significantly increased the activity of amylase (P<0.05).After endogenous nutrition stage,VC significantly induced the activity of lipase and trypsin (P<0.05).VC at 25 mg/L increased the activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase enzyme during embryo development (P<0.05).The findings indicated that lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase genes in zygotes may play functions at gastrula stage when lipid hydrolytic enzymes express to release energy for embryonic development.The results demonstrate that lipase and trypsin priority digest carbohydrates in yolk of mature eggs from spotted halibut to provide energy for embryonic development right after fertilization.The study revealed that appropriate level of VC could improve lipid metabolism during embryo development of spotted halibut.
    • 韩文杰; 苏航; Md Abu Saleh; 张培玉; 李福利; 吕明
    • 摘要: [Objective] A thermostable acetyl xylan esterase (Axe) was identified from a thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor sp.F32.[Methods] Based on genome annotation,protein blast,and protein structural prediction,a family-7 carbohydrate esterase (Axe7) was found.After gene cloning,plasmid construction,protein expression and purification in Escherichia coli,the recombinant protein Axe7 was produced.[Results] On the substrate of 4-Methylumbelliferyl-acetate (4-MUA),the optimal pH of Axe7 was between 6.5 and 7.0,the optimal temperature was 85 °C,and the half-life of Axe7 under the optimal condition was more than 4 hours.By incubation with 1.5 mmol/L different metal ions,the retained activities of Axe7 were between (66.3±4.6)% and (95.7±2.3)%,suggesting the effect of metal ions on enzyme activity.The results of enzyme kinetics showed that the Km of Axe7 was 0.39 mmol/L and kcat was 66.95 s-1.[Conclusion] Our findings provide a potential enzyme for the biorefinery industry.%[目的]从嗜热厌氧微生物热解纤维素菌属F32 (Caldicellulosiruptor sp.F32)菌株中鉴定出可水解木聚糖侧链乙酰基团的脂酶.[方法]通过基因组序列注释、比对以及蛋白结构预测的方法,发现一个潜在的脂酶7家族的(CE-7)乙酰木聚糖脂酶Axe7.利用基因克隆、质粒构建以及在大肠杆菌中表达目标蛋白并纯化等实验方法,获得了该酶的重组蛋白.[结果]以4-甲基乙酸伞形酯(4-Methylumbelliferyl-acetate)作为底物时,该酶的最适反应pH在6.5-7.0之间,最适反应温度为85°C,在最适的温度和pH条件下,Axe7活性半衰期(Half-life)超过4h.在不同金属离子(1.5 mmol/L)存在下,Axe7活性可保持为最适反应酶活的(66.3土4.6)%-(95.7±2.3)%之间,说明金属离子对其酶活有一定的影响.通过测定酶动力学发现Axe7的Km和kcat值分别为0.39 mmol/L和66.95 s-1.[结论]从高温厌氧微生物中发现并表征一个热稳定性良好的乙酰木聚糖脂酶,为木质纤维素的高温糖化和生物炼制提供了一个可工业化的潜在选择.
    • 张丽静; 艾耀伟; 王政强
    • 摘要: Objective To investigate the effects of nuciferine on hyperlipidemia in mice and to clarify the molecular mechanism. Methods Mice were divided into three groups according to the diet: normal control group ( n=10 ) , model control group (n=10), and the intervention group (n=10). The normal control group was treated with common diet (ANI-76A feed:12. 4% fat, 68. 8% carbohydrate, 18. 8% protein). The model control group was induced with high fat diet (37. 1% fat, 42. 4% carbohydrate, 20. 5% protein). The intervention group was supplemented with 0. 5% nuciferine based on high fat diet. The mice were allowed free access to food and water for a total of 10 weeks. Several indices were analyzed in the 3 groups, including the body weight, serum lipid, lipid metabolism key enzyme, oxidative stress and metabolic pathway. Results Our results suggested that the high-fat diet-induced animal models developed obesity and dyslipidemia (P0.05).Theactivityofhepaticlipidmetabolismkeyenzymes[(4.15±1.26) U·mL-1vs.(9.01±1.34) U·mL-1] andthe activity of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase[(8.12±3.07) U·mL-1 vs.(13.48±3.75) U·mL-1] were elevated.Oxidative stress was also affected by nuciferine (P0.05);肝脂酶活性[(4.15±1.26) U·mL-1比(9.01±1.34) U·mL-1]及脂蛋白脂酶活性提高[(8.12±3.07) U·mL-1比(13.48±3.75) U·mL-1],且降低了肝脏氧化应激(P<0.05)。高脂饮食诱导脂质合成基因SREBP-1c、FAS、SCD-1及PPARγ mRNA显著上调(P<0.05),而使脂质氧化代谢基因PPARα、CPT-1a mRNA下调(P<0.05),干预组则逆转了这些变化(P<0.05)。结论荷叶碱能改善小鼠高脂血症,且可能与增加脂酶活性、减少氧化应激及调控脂质合成与氧化代谢相关。
    • 龙海; 李芳荣; 冯建军; 李一农
    • 摘要: 水稻细菌性谷枯病病菌是我国进境植物检疫性细菌,由其引起的水稻细菌性谷枯病是水稻上的重要病害,在热带和亚热带的水稻产区发生严重.本文综述了该病菌的分类、生理特征、寄主、致病机理及病害症状与防病措施等方面的研究进展.了解水稻细菌性谷枯病病菌的致病机理以及水稻对该病的防卫机制有利于制定更有效的防治策略.
    • 孙青; 王淑娥; 付舒倩; 姜迎; 徐贵发
    • 摘要: 目的:研究大豆肽对实验性高脂血症模型大鼠血脂代谢的影响并探讨其降脂机制。方法建立高脂血症大鼠模型,将45只 Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,即正常组+正常饲料、高脂模型组+高脂饲料、大豆肽低、中、高剂量组+添加相应剂量大豆肽的高脂饲料,喂饲40 d后检测相关指标。结果与高脂模型组相比,大豆肽中、高剂量组的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量升高但无显著性差异(P>0.05),大鼠总脂酶(PHTA)、肝脂酶(HL)和脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性明显增强(P<0.05)。结论大豆肽能有效降低实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂水平,其降脂作用可能与提高血清中PHTA、HL和LPL活性有关。
    • 温馨
    • 摘要: 痘痘又称为痤疮,其发生主要与皮脂分泌过多、毛囊皮脂腺导管堵塞、细菌感染和炎症反应等因素密切相关。进入青春期后,人体内雄激素特别是睾酮的水平迅速升高,促进皮脂腺发育并产生大量皮脂。同时,毛囊皮脂腺导管的角化异常造成导管堵塞致皮脂排出障碍,形成角质栓即微粉刺。毛囊中多种微生物尤其是痤疮丙酸杆菌大量繁殖,痤疮丙酸杆菌产生的脂酶分解皮脂生成游离脂肪酸,同时趋化炎症细胞和介质,最终诱导并加重炎症反应。
    • Jha P; 王静云; 李婉玉
    • 摘要: 【据《JHepatology》2014年5月报道】题:脂肪甘油三酯脂酶(PNPLA2)在脂肪性肝炎和内毒素血症小鼠模型中对肝脏炎症起保护作用(作者JhaP等)进展性肝病的主要特点是存在肝脏炎性改变。脂肪酸(FA)的代谢和信号传导的改变可在非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)和其进展到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的发病机制中发挥重要作用。
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